本综述系统梳理了中国狐蝠科(Pteropodidae)的分类学现状，通过整合历史文献、标本形态特征、外形及头骨测量数据等信息，对中国境内狐蝠科物种的分类地位等内容进行了厘定，结果表明：中国境内分布的狐蝠科动物共7属9种，犬蝠属(Cynopterus)、大长舌果蝠属(Eonycteris)、小长舌果蝠属(Macroglossus)、狐蝠属(Pteropus)、球果蝠属(Sphaerias)分别各含1个种，果蝠属(Rousettus)、无尾果蝠属(Megaerops)分别各含2个种。对历史记录存在争议的物种：印度大狐蝠(P. giganteus)、泰国狐蝠(P. lylei)及马来大狐蝠(P. vampyrus)等因缺乏有效标本支持或为迷失种，确定为国内无分布物种。以形态特征分析结合分子生物学研究手段证明昆明动物博物馆馆藏鉴定为短耳犬蝠(C. brachyotis)的标本均为犬蝠(C. sphinx)，并以此为依据结合国内该类群研究现状认为目前国内无短耳犬蝠分布。本文通过整合多源数据，为中国狐蝠科的分类修订提供了系统性依据。
This study systematically reviews the taxonomic status of the family Pteropodidae in China by integrating historical literature, pelage characteristics, and body and skull measurements. A total of 7 genera and 9 species are confirmed to occur in China, including Cynopterus, Eonycteris, Macroglossus, Pteropus, Sphaerias (each containing 1 species) , and Rousettus, Megaerops (each containing 2 species). The results reveal that several historical records require revision: P. giganteus, P. lylei, and P. vampyrus are excluded from the country due to the lack of valid specimens. Taxonomic revision using morphometric and molecular evidence demonstrates that specimens previously identified as C. brachyotis in the Kunming Natural History Museum of Zoology should be C. sphinx. Based on this and combined with the current research status of this species in China, it is concluded that there is currently no valid record of C. brachyotis in China. This work provides a framework for taxonomic revisions in Chinese Pteropodidae.
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