Mining genes related to drought adaptation in Cervus elaphus yarkandensis based on transcriptome data

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.151049

Abstract

Abstract: Cervus elaphus yarkandensis have adapted to extreme arid conditions in the Tarim Basin, such as severe drought, high temperatures, and intense ultraviolet radiation. To investigate their adaptation mechanisms, we conducted a comparative transcriptome analysis on the skin tissues of C. e. yarkandensis and C. e. xanthopygus using RNA-seq technology. Our analysis identified 3 562 differentially expressed genes, including 1 279 upregulated genes and 2 283 downregulated genes. Upregulated genes were significantly enriched in 174 GO categories, including regulating water loss through the skin, establishing skin barriers, water balance, and 49 KEGG pathways, such as steroid hormone biosynthesis, asthma, and arachidonic acid metabolism. Downregulated genes were significantly enriched in 453 GO categories, including regulation of developmental processes, angiogenesis development, blood pressure regulation, and 60 KEGG pathways such as platelet activation and vascular smooth muscle contraction, and ECM-receptor interaction. qRT-PCR analysis confirmed the reliability of the RNA-seq results. These differentially expressed genes related to skin protection, moisture control, and stress responses likely help the species adapt to arid conditions by maintaining body temperature and preventing water loss.

Key words: Cervus elaphus yarkandensis, Adaptation, Arid environment, Differentially expressed genes, RNA-Seq

摘要： 塔里木马鹿（马鹿塔里木亚种Cervus elaphus yarkandensis）对塔里木盆地极端干旱、炎热夏季和较强紫外线辐射具有很强的适应性。为了探讨该物种对干旱环境的适应性机制，本研究利用RNA测序技术（RNA-seq）对塔里木马鹿和东北马鹿（马鹿东北亚种Cervus elaphus xanthopygus）皮肤组织进行转录组比较分析，筛选与塔里木马鹿干旱环境适应性相关的基因，利用实时定量PCR技术（qRT-PCR）检测验证RNA-seq结果的可靠性。结果表明，在塔里木马鹿中检测到的差异表达基因共有3 562个，其中1 279个基因上调表达，2 283个基因下调表达。上调表达的基因显著富集在通过皮肤调节水分损失、皮肤屏障的建立、水平衡等174个GO功能类别和类固醇激素生物合成、哮喘、花生四烯酸代谢等49个KEGG通路上；下调表达基因显著富集于发育过程的调节、血管生成发育、血压调节等453个GO功能类别和血小板活化、血管平滑肌收缩、ECM受体相互作用等60个KEGG通路上；qRT-PCR分析结果显示，RNA-seq分析结果可靠。综上，在塔里木马鹿皮肤组织中差异表达的与皮肤屏障的建立、皮肤的水分和渗透调节、氧化应激、热应激、体温调节和免疫调节相关的基因可能参与该物种在极端干旱炎热环境中的应激反应和皮肤保护屏障的形成以及皮肤稳态的维持，以维持体温和防止水分流失，保护身体免受外部刺激。

关键词: 塔里木马鹿, 适应性, 干旱环境, 差异表达基因, RNA测序

CLC Number:

Q786

ABABAIKERI Buweihailiqiemu, ANWAIER Gulimire, ZHONG Linqiang, ZHAO Huabin. Mining genes related to drought adaptation in Cervus elaphus yarkandensis based on transcriptome data[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2026, 46(4): 561-574.

布威海丽且姆·阿巴拜科日, 古丽米热·安外尔, 钟林强, 赵华斌. 基于转录组数据挖掘塔里木马鹿干旱环境适应性相关基因[J]. 兽类学报, 2026, 46(4): 561-574.

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URL: https://www.mammal.cn/EN/10.16829/j.slxb.151049

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