The Jiulianshan National Nature Reserve in Jiangxi Province is one transitional belt between middle and south subtropical evergreen forests in China. In order to further reveal the wildlife resources in this nature reserve, we established 31 trapping stations to investigate mammals and ground-dwelling birds using infrared cameras from November 2014 to July 2015. Based on a survey effort of 4,692 camera-trap days, we recorded 12 mammal species and 21 bird species with spotted linsang (Prionodon pardicolor), silver pheasant (Lophura nycthemera) and grey-faced buzzard (Butastur indicus) as Class II state key protected wild animals. Based on the relative abundance index, Pallas's squirrels (Callosciurus erythraeus), Niviventer rats, Edwards's long-tailed giant rats (Leopoldamys edwardsi) and maritime striped squirrels (Tamiops maritimus) were ranked as the four most abundant mammal species, while silver pheasant, violet whistling thrush (Myophonus caeruleus) and greater necklaced laughingthrush (Garrulax pectoralis) were ranked as the three most abundant bird species. Grey grey-faced woodpecker (Picus canus), Japanese thrush (Turdus cardis), eyebrowed thrush (Turdus obscurus), emerald dove (Chalcophaps indica) and white-crowned forktail (Enicurus leschenaulti) were new bird records in Jiulianshan. Our research updated the mammal and bird species list as a baseline for future long-term monitoring of these terrestrial vertebrates in the nature reserve.