During the period April 2014 to October 2015, mammals in different regions of Shenzhen were surveyed using different methods. Overall, 49 species (8 orders, 15 families, 32 genera) were found, of which 24 species (49.0%, 4 families, 12 genera) were Chiroptera, 13 species (26.5%, 3 families, 8 genera) were Rodentia, 5 species (10.2%, 3 families, 5 genera) were Carnivora, 3 species (6.1%, 1 families, 3 genera) were Soricomorpha, other 4 species were belonged 4 orders, respectively. We found 1 new record for a mammal for Guangdong Province, and 8 new records for mammals for Shenzhen City. Based on the landscape ecology and habitats, Shenzhen City was divided into 11 regions. Using correlative analysis, the mammal species richness of different regions was significantly negatively correlated with the human density, but significantly positively correlated with the vegetative condition and the distance to urban areas, Species richness was not significantly correlated with the size of vegetative patches. Multiple regression analysis indicated that vegetative condition was the most important factor to mammal species, and there were significant correlations among vegetative condition, the distance to urban areas, and human density. Finally, we discussed the habitat preference types, fauna characteristics, and endangered status of each species.