From August to December in 2016, we placed 69 infrared cameras  (1 camera was lost and 3 suffered breakdowns during the study period), to monitor large and medium-sized mammals and forest birds in Maolan National Nature Reserve, Guizhou. We identified 11 mammal species and 16 bird species, including 1 Class I state key protected animal Syrmaticus ellioti and 4 Class II state key protected animals - Prionodon pardicolor, Macaca mulatta, Lophura nycthemera, and Pitta nympha. Based on the relative abundance index (RAI), Leopoldamys edwardsi (RAI=15.22), Dremomys pyrrhomerus (RAI=9.58), Atherurus macrourus (RAI=1.46), Melogale moschata (RAI=1.04) and Callosciurus erythraeus (RAI=0.57) were ranked as the top five most abundant mammal specices. Myophoneus caeruleus (RAI=3.79), Lophura nycthemera (RAI=3.25), Zoothera citrine (RAI=0.45) and Zoothera dauma (RAI=0.45)

were ranked as the top four most common bird species. In addition, Prionailurus bengalensis, Pitta nympha, Turdus rubrocanus, Turdus boulboul, Alcippe morrisonia, Chalcophaps indica and Blythipicus pyrrhotis were new species, recorded in the reserve for the first time. Lophura nycthemera and Myophonus caeruleus were diurnal animals, Atherurus macrourus and Melogale moschata were nocturnal animals; this result was expected. Our results offer valuable data for monitoring the resources of large and medium-sized mammals and forest birds in Maolan reserve, and can offer guidelines for future research and management of China’s important protected areas.