Biodiversity inventorying is fundamental for the monitoring of wildlife in nature reserves, as well as for the formulation of conservation strategies, research, and environmental education. Bulong Nature Reserve is a new prefectural protected area established in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan in 2008. Using the kilometre-grid sampling method, from March 2014 to March 2015, we set up several infrared cameras in 137 locations in the Bulong Nature Reserve. During the monitoring period of 10675 days, 19757 shots were triggered with 984 valid photos (70.8% with mammals, 27.6% with birds, and 1.6% of human activities). We identified 17 mammal species belonging to 5 orders and 10 families and 14 bird species belonging to 4 orders and 9 families, including 3 species under Class I priority and 10 species under Class II priority of national protection. Amongst the identified species, 2 are classified as Endangered (EN), 4 as Vulnerable (VU), and one species as Near-Threatened (NT) by IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. In this survey, the most frequently recorded mammal species belonged to Carnivora (four species) and Artiodactyla (five species). Wild boars (Sus scrofa) and barking deers (Muntiacus muntjak) were found at the highest relative abundance .The most frequently recorded bird species belonged to the Galliformes (four species). The silver pheasant (Lophura nycthemera) and the red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus) had the highest relative abundance. This study provides the first record of large and mid-sized mammals and terrestrial birds for future    biodiversity research, monitoring, and management in the Bulong Nature Reserve.