In order to study the metabolism and temperature characteristics of the small herbivorous mammal, Microtus gregalis, we measured changes of body weight, resting metabolic rate, heat conduction and other biological indices associated with changes in environmental temperature. The average body weight was (20.8 ± 0.8)g（n = 12）, the basal metabolic rate was (1.85 ± 0.05) mLO₂/(g・h), the thermal neutral zone was 27.5~35℃, the thermal conductance value was (0.19 ± 0.03) mLO₂/(g・h・℃), the thermal adaptability A < 0 (adapt to cold environment), the adaptation pathway index I = 0.8 thermal conductance effect on temperature regulation) ). Microtus gregalis has a low metabolic rate, low thermal conductance and a wide thermal neutral zone, and maintains a low level of energy metabolism in a wide range of temperature changes. This is one of the main survival strategies for Microtus gregalis living in cold regions at higher latitudes during long-term evolution.