The speciose tribe Microtini has a very wide distribution. Much controversy exists on the taxonomy and phylogenetic relationships. Historically, ten genera and 81 species have been assigned to Microtini, among which 7 genera and 24 species were reported from China. Through extensive field collection and systematic studies, we revise the phylogeny of this tribe and its taxonomy of this taxon in China by integrating molecular and morphological data. Results confirm 8 genera in Microtini worldwide: Alexandromys, Chionomys, Lasiopodomys, Lemmiscus, Microtus, Neodon, Proedromys and Volemys. Blanfordimys was confirmed as a subgenus of Microtus, and Phaiomys as a junior synonym of Neodon and Alexandromys was elevated as full genus rank. Arvicola was excluded from Microtini. Thus, China has 6 genera and 26 species of Microtini. Lasiopodomys fuscus, Phaiomys leucurus and Microtus clarkei were reassigned to Neodon, and recent studies nominated recognition of Proedromys liangshanensis, Neodon linzhiensis, Neodon medogensis and Neodon nyalamensis.