ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA >

2021 , Vol. 41 >Issue 1: 11 - 19

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16829/j.slxb.150434

ORIGINAL PAPERS

Effect of group size on daily travel distance and activity budget of Rhinopithecus bieti during the winter and spring seasons in Mt. Lasha, Yunnan, China

  • WANG Haoran ,
  • LI Yanpeng ,
  • GUAN Zhenhua ,
  • REN Guopeng ,
  • YANG Xin ,
  • HUANG Zhipang ,
  • CUI Liangwei ,
  • XIAO Wen
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  • 1 Key Laboratory for Conserving Wildlife with Small Populations in Yunnan, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
    2 Institute of Eastern-Himalaya Biodiversity Research, Dali University, Dali 671003, China;
    3 Collaborative Innovation Center for Biodiversity and Conservation in the Three Parallel Rivers Region of China, Dali 671003, China;
    4 International Centre of Biodiversity and Primate Conservation, Dali 671003, China;
    5 The Provincial Innovation Team of Biodiversity Conservation and Utility of the Three Parallel Rivers Region from Dali University, Dali 671003, China;
    6 Yunnan Tongbiguan Provincial Nature Reserve Management and Protection Bureau, Mangshi 678400, China

Received date: 2020-04-27

  Online published: 2021-01-21

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Abstract

The ecological constraints model(ECM) proposes that when the population size increases, primates will increase daily travel distance, moving time, feeding time, reduce resting time.In line with the ECM, within-group scramble competition occurred within groups of frugivorous primates due to patch-distributed and high-quality food resources (such as fruits).During the period from December 2018 to May 2019, we collected data on daily time budget of both a larger group(170) and a smaller group(100) of Rhinopithecus bieti living in the same area through instantaneous scanning sampling every 20 minutes.Locations were recorded on a topographic map(1:50 000) every 30 minutes to collect daily travel distance data in Mt.Lasha of Yunling Provincial Nature Reserve.We then analyzed differences in daily travel distance and time budget in order to test whether temperate folivorous primates follow the ECM.The results indicate that the larger group had longer daily travel distance than the smaller group in spring and winter, reduced socializing time and increased moving time in spring.However, no difference in time budget between the two groups was found in winter.Moreover, all age-sex classes of individuals in the larger group decreased the time spent in socializing activities in spring, but adult females increased the time spent in moving.In winter, adult females in the larger group increased resting time, but there were no differences in time budget of other age-sex classes of individuals between the groups.Our study demonstrates that there was within-group scramble competition in R.bieti, and much intensity of scramble competition was found in spring than in winter, which was in accordance with the ECM.In addition, the group size had a greater influence on the time budget of adult females, which was related to their relatively high nutritional and energy needs during pregnancy.

Key words： Rhinopithecus bieti; Time budgets; Daily travel distance; Ecological constraints model; Group size

Cite this article

WANG Haoran , LI Yanpeng , GUAN Zhenhua , REN Guopeng , YANG Xin , HUANG Zhipang , CUI Liangwei , XIAO Wen . Effect of group size on daily travel distance and activity budget of Rhinopithecus bieti during the winter and spring seasons in Mt. Lasha, Yunnan, China[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2021 , 41(1) : 11 -19 . DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150434

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