ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA >

2021 , Vol. 41 >Issue 4: 365 - 376

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16829/j.slxb.150515

ORIGINAL PAPERS

Diversity and functional characteristics of intestinal microflora of free-living wild boars in the Miaoling Mountain area in Guizhou Province, China

  • YANG Xiongwei ,
  • PENG Caichun ,
  • GUO Qunyi ,
  • RAN Jingcheng ,
  • WANG Yeying ,
  • ZHANG Mingming ,
  • HU Canshi ,
  • LI Shize ,
  • SU Haijun
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  • 1 Research Center for Bio-diversity and Nature Conservation, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
    2 Forestry College of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China;
    3 Administration of Wildlife and Forest Plants of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550025, China;
    4 College of Life Science of Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China;
    5 College of Life Science of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China

Received date: 2020-12-06

  Online published: 2021-05-24

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Abstract

Wild boars(Sus scrofa), which are widely distributed in southern China, are one of the few large-hoofed species that populations are proliferating.In recent years, an increasing number of studies have been conducted on the intestinal microflora of wild animals, but none have investigated the intestinal microflora of the wild populations of S.scrofa.In this study, total DNA from the gastrointestinal tract(stomach, ileum, colon, and rectum) of four samples of free-living wild boars from the Miaoling Mountain area of Guizhou Province was extracted, and the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was amplified using universal primer PCR.The amplification products were sequenced on an Illumina MiSeq platform to assess the community structure, diversity, and flora function of intestinal bacteria of wild boars.A total of 1 268 577 valid sequences remained after the results were filtered for quality, and the low-quality reads were discarded.After drawing out the minimum sample sequence number, 1 019 OTUs were identified at the 97% similarity level.All samples were categorized into 19 phyla and 292 genera.At the level of phylum classification, the key floras in the intestinal tract were Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, and Actinobacteria and there were 15 dominant genera, including Prevotella, Lactobacillus, Escherichia-Shigella, and Bifidobacterium.Rarefaction curves indicated that the sequencing depth had basically covered all bacteria in the sample.Among alpha diversity indices, the Chao1 and Shannon indices of the colon and rectum were significantly higher than those of the stomach and ileum(P<0.05).This fully confirmed that the colon and rectum had a bacterial community structure relatively similar and greater floral richness and diversity to that of the stomach and ileum.The results of principal coordinates analysis(PCoA) and analysis of similarity(Anosim) showed a readily visible difference in distinct parts of the gastrointestinal tracts of wild boars.LEfSe analysis indicated that there were 22 bacterial genera with significant differences in distinct intestinal segments of boars, most of which were attributed to Firmicutes.In addition, PICRUSt showed that different intestinal segments also had unique metabolic functions and pathways.This study preliminarily revealed the characteristics of the intestinal flora of wild boars from Guizhou Province.We found that the intestinal flora of wild boars had a relatively complex structure and that there were significant differences between distinct intestinal segments.

Key words： Sus scrofa; High-throughput sequencing; Gut microbiota; Bacterial diversity; Flora function; Guizhou Province

Cite this article

YANG Xiongwei , PENG Caichun , GUO Qunyi , RAN Jingcheng , WANG Yeying , ZHANG Mingming , HU Canshi , LI Shize , SU Haijun . Diversity and functional characteristics of intestinal microflora of free-living wild boars in the Miaoling Mountain area in Guizhou Province, China[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2021 , 41(4) : 365 -376 . DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150515

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