Effects of food resources seasonality on home range utilization of wild Tibetan macaque (Macaca thibetana)
Received date: 2021-12-10
Accepted date: 2022-05-26
Online published: 2022-12-02
Distribution and availability of food sources dramatically influence home range dynamics. Studies on home range utilization are critical for revealing the ecological adaptations and behavioral complexity in wild animals. From September 2020 to August 2021, we studied one group of Tibetan macaques (Macaca thibetana, Tianhu group, TH) in Huangshan, Anhui province, China. We directly observed and recorded spatial positions of the study group and monitored habitat conditions, vegetation distribution and food availability. 4 307 GPS positions were obtained and the kernel density estimation of GPS sites revealed that the Tibetan macaque’s home range area decreased from spring to winter, with areas of 7.16 km2, 5.09 km2, 3.85 km2, and 0.35 km2, respectively. The average daily ranging distance (d= 1735.67 m ± 288.35 m, n = 12) of the monkeys was positively correlated with food availability, with the longest average daily ranging distance in July and the shortest one in January. Monkeys preferred to stay in the mixed coniferous and mixed evergreen deciduous broadleaf forests. The monkeys used bamboo forests more in spring, mixed coniferous and broad forests in summer and winter, and mixed evergreen deciduous broadleaf forests in autumn. Tibetan macaques use their home ranges to adapt to low altitudes based on food resource distribution, food availability, and other factors.
Key words： Tibetan macaque; Home range; Resource availability; Ecological adaptation
Yadong LI , Bowen LI , Xi WANG , Penghui LI , Jinhua LI . Effects of food resources seasonality on home range utilization of wild Tibetan macaque (Macaca thibetana)[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2022 , 42(6) : 624 -633 . DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150647
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