The parameters and pattern of copulation behaviors in Taihangshan macaque (Macaca mulatta tcheliensis), Jiyuan, China

HE Minqiang; TIAN Jundong; LI Wentao; LU Jiqi

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150860

ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA >

2024 , Vol. 44 >Issue 1: 77 - 84

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16829/j.slxb.150860

ORIGINAL PAPERS

The parameters and pattern of copulation behaviors in Taihangshan macaque (Macaca mulatta tcheliensis), Jiyuan, China

HE Minqiang ,
TIAN Jundong ,
LI Wentao ,
LU Jiqi

Expand

1 School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China;
2 Institute of Biodiversity and Ecology, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China

Received date: 2023-10-07

Revised date: 2023-12-18

Online published: 2024-01-25

Fold

Abstract

Survival and reproduction are the nature of animals, and copulation is the key process of sexually reproducing animals, which could be shaped by natural selection and sexual selection. However, it is difficult to observe copulation in the wild, and therefore there is lack of quantitative analyses of wildlife’copulation. In this study, a troop of free-ranging Taihangshan macaques (Macaca mulatta tcheliensis) was assigned as the study object, and the data of copulation was collected through focal-animal sampling and analyzed within the Macaca genus. The results showed that, (1) the social grooming (49. 8%) was the dominant pre-copulation behavior and initiated by adult females (61. 8%); (2) a copulation cycle was composed of 12 mounting bouts and a successful ejaculation, lasting (719. 4 ± 43. 3) s on average, and the copulation pattern of Taihangshan macaque could be classified as multiple-mount-to-ejaculation pattern; (3) social grooming (19. 4%) and resting (18. 1%) were the main behaviors during the post-copulation period, and the copulation bond could last (2. 1 ± 2. 03) d; (4) the copulation patterns of used macaque species were consistent with the phylogenetic relationship and the traditional taxonomic classification rather than with social style, while the copulatory parameters varied among species. This study quantitatively analyzed the copulatory behaviors, and the copulation patterns of macaque species were relatively conserved according to the phylogenetic relationship and traditional taxonomic classification.

Key words： Macaca mulatta tcheliensis; Copulation; Multiple-mount-to-ejaculation; Macaca; Behavioral pattern

Cite this article

HE Minqiang , TIAN Jundong , LI Wentao , LU Jiqi . The parameters and pattern of copulation behaviors in Taihangshan macaque (Macaca mulatta tcheliensis), Jiyuan, China[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2024 , 44(1) : 77 -84 . DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150860

References

Ågmo A, Moralí G. 2022. Copulatory thrusting in males. In:Shackelford T K ed. The Cambridge Handbook of Evolutionary Perspectives on Sexual Psychology (Volume 2). Cambridge Handbooks in Psychology. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 237-270.
Bernstein H, Byers G S, Michod R E. 1980. Evolution of sexual reproduction:Importance of DNA repair, complementation, and variation. The American Naturalist, 117 (4):537-549.
Brennan P L R, Orbach D N. 2020. Copulatory behavior and its relationship to genital morphology. In:Naguib M, Barrett L, Healy S D, Podos J, Simmons L W, Zuk M eds. Advances in the Study of Behavior (Volume 52). Academic Press, 65-122.
Caldecott J O. 1986. Mating patterns, societies and the ecogeography of macaques. Animal Behaviour, 34 (86):208-220.
Cezar L, da Silva Evangelista Junior C. 2023. Primates (non-human):Copulatory behavior. In:Shackelford T K ed. Encyclopedia of Sexual Psychology and Behavior. Cham:Springer. DOI:10. 1007/978-3-031-08956-5_1908-1.
Chevalier-Skolnikoff S. 1975. Male-female, female-female, and male-male sexual behavior in the stumptail monkey, with special attention to the female orgasm. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 4:199-220.
Cohen I R, Marron A. 2023. Evolution is driven by natural autoencoding:Reframing species, interaction codes, cooperation and sexual reproduction. Proceedings of the Royal Society B-Biological Sciences, 290 (1994):20222409.
Crow D F. 1994. Advantages of sexual reproduction. Genetics, 15(3):205-213.
da Silva C S A, Mafra A L, Varella Valentova J. 2023. Female orgasm. In:Shackelford T K ed. Encyclopedia of Sexual Psychology and Behavior. Cham:Springer. DOI:10. 1007/978-3-031-08956-5_952-1.
de Vries C, Lehtonen J. 2023. Sex-specific assumptions and their importance in models of sexual selection. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 38 (10):927-935.
Dewsbury D A, Pierce J D. 1989. Copulatory patterns of primates as viewed in broad mammalian perspective. American Journal of Primatology, 17 (1):51-72.
Dewsbury D A. 1972. Patterns of copulatory behavior in male mammals. The Quarterly Review of Biology, 47 (1):1-33.
Dixson A F. 2012. Primate Sexuality:Comparative Studies of the Prosimians, Monkeys, Apes, and Humans. 2nd ed. Oxford:Oxford University Press.
Dixson A F. 2021. Mammalian Sexuality:The Act of Mating and the Evolution of Reproduction. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.
Fasel N J, Jeucken J, Kravchenko K, Fritze M, Ruczyński I, Komar E, Moiseienko M, Shulenko A, Vlaschenko A, Christe P, Glaizot O, Holtze S. 2023. Mating without intromission in a bat. Current Biology, 33 (22):R1182-R1183.
Firman R C, Gasparini C, Manier M K, Pizzari T. 2017. Postmating female control:20 years of cryptic female choice. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 32 (5):368-382.
Ghosh A, Thakur M, Singh S K, Dutta R, Sharma L K, Chandra K, Banerjee D. 2022. The Sela macaque (Macaca selai) is a distinct phylogenetic species that evolved from the Arunachal macaque following allopatric speciation. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 174:107513.
Hou J H, Qu W Y, Chen L, Zhang H X. 1998. Study of the reproduction eco-behavior of Macaca mulatta in Taihang Mountains. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 4:22-25. (in Chinese)
Jia Z Y, Jiang Z G, Wang Z W. 1999. On musculine copulatory patterns in mammals:Mehtod and patterns. In:China Zoological Society ed. Zoological Studies in China. Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House. (in Chinese)
Kuderna L F K, Gao H, Janiak M C, et al. 2023. A global catalog of whole-genome diversity from 233 primate species. Science, 380:906-913.
Lodé T. 2019. A brief natural history of the orgasm. Frontiers in Life Science, 13 (1):34-44.
Li D S, Liu X L, Yang G F. 1990. Preliminary observation on mate behavior of Taihang rhesus macaque. Chinese Journal of Wildlife, (3):19-20. (in Chinese)
Liu Z H, Jiang H S, Yuan X C, Yang X H, Huang H D, Wang Y X. 1990. Semi-taming of the rhesus monkey and identifications of individual markers. Chinese Journal of Wildlife, (3):19-20. (in Chinese)
Lively C M, Morra L T. 2014. The ecology of sexual reproduction.Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 27:1292-1303.
Lu J Q. 2022. Life History of Taihangshan Macaques. Zhengzhou:Zhengzhou University Press. (in Chinese)
Lu J Q, Hou J H, Wang H F, Qu W F. 2007. Current status of Macaca Mulatta in Taihangshan Mountains area, Jiyuan, Henan, China.International Journal of Primatology, 28 (5):1085-1091.
Noë R, Hammerstein P. 1995. Biological markets. Trends in Ecology& Evolution, 10 (8):336-339.
Opie C, Atkinson Q D, Shultz S. 2012. The evolutionary history of primate mating systems. Communicative & Integrative Biology, 5(5):458-461.
Petersen R M. 2022. Female choice. In:Vonk J, Shackelford T K eds. Encyclopedia of Animal Cognition and Behavior. Cham:Springer Nature Switzerland AG, 2704-2711.
Richards E. 2017. Darwin and the Making of Sexual Selection. Chicago:University of Chicago Press.
Ruiz-Lambides A V, Weiß B M, Kulik L, Stephens C, Mundry R, Widdig A. 2017. Long-term analysis on the variance of extra-group paternities in rhesus macaques. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 71 (4):67.
Sentenská L, Scott C E, Baruffaldi L, Andrade M C B. 2023. Precopulatory choices drive post-copulatory decisions:mechanisms of female control shift across different life stages. BMC Ecology and Evolution, 23:25.
Shang Y C. 2014. Animal Behavior. 2nd ed. Beijing:Peking University Press. (in Chinese)
Shively C, Clarke S, King N, Schapiro S, Mitchell G. 1982. Patterns of sexual behavior in male macaques. American Journal of Primatology, 2 (4):373-384.
Song C S, Qu W Y. 1996. Scientific Survey of Taihangshan Macaque Nature Reserve. Beijing:China Forestry Publishing House. (in Chinese) Strier K B. 2021. Primate Behavioral Ecology. 6th ed. London & New York:Routledge.
Thierry B. 2011. The macaques:A double-layered social organization. In:Campbell C J, Fuentes A, MacKinnon K C, Panger M, Bearder S K eds. Primates in Perspective. 2nd ed. Oxford University Press, 229-241.
Tian J D, Wang Z L, Lu J Q, Guo X B, Wang B S. 2011a. Social structure of wild Macaca mulatta in the Mt. Taihangshan area, Jiyuan, China. Acta Anthropologica Sinica, 30 (4):425-436. (in Chinese)
Tian J D, Wang Z L, Lu J Q, Guo X B, Liu J D. 2011b. PAE coding system-based ethogram of Taihangshan macaque (Macaca mulatta tcheliensis), Jiyuan, Henan Province, China. Acta Theriologica Sinica, 31 (2):125-140. (in Chinese)
Tokuda K, Ronald C S, Gordon D J. 1968. Sexual behavior in a captive group of pigtailed monkeys (Macaca nemestrina). Primates, 9 (3):283-294.
Tokuda K. 1962. A study on the sexual behavior in the Japanese monkey troop. Primates, 3 (2):1-40.
Xiong C P, Wang Q S. 1991. A comparative study on the male sexual behavior in and Japanese monkeys. Acta Theriologica Sinica, 11(1):13-22. (in Chinese)
田军东, 王振龙, 路纪琪, 郭相保, 王白石. 2011a. 野生太行山猕猴的社会结构. 人类学学报, 30 (4):425-436.
田军东, 王振龙, 路纪琪, 郭相保, 刘金栋. 2011b. 基于 PAE 编码系统的太行山猕猴行为谱. 兽类学报, 31 (2):125-140.
刘振河, 江海声, 袁喜才, 杨秀华, 黄会德, 王宜祥. 1986. 猕猴的半驯化及个体标志识别. 野生动物, (4):13-15.
李德森, 刘小林, 杨根发. 1990. 太行猕猴交配初步观察. 野生动物, (3):19-20.
宋朝枢, 瞿文元. 1996. 太行山猕猴自然保护区科学考察集. 北京:中国林业出版社.
尚玉昌. 2014. 动物行为学. 第二版. 北京:北京大学出版社.
胡玉梅, 张艳玲, 卫福玉, 王双霞. 2004. 济源市太行山猕猴自然保护区气候资源分析. 河南气象, (4):27.
侯进怀, 瞿文元, 陈莉, 张红绪. 1998. 太行山猕猴繁殖生态行为研究. 生态学杂志, 4:22-25.
贾志云, 蒋志刚, 王祖望. 1999. 哺乳动物的交配行为模式. 中国动物学会. 中国动物科学研究. 北京:中国林业出版社, 1132-1141.
路纪琪. 2022. 太行山猕猴生活史. 郑州:郑州大学出版社.
熊成培, 王岐山. 1991. 短尾猴和日本猴雄性性行为的比较研究.兽类学报, 11 (1):13-22.

Options

Outlines

模态框（Modal）标题

Abstract

Cite this article

References