Animals continually seek survival and reproduction through migration. In a multi-level society, female golden snub-nosed monkeys migrate between one-male units (OMUs). Such migration may trigger a cascade of effects, impacting the stability and cohesion of the community. Affiliation is a complex social relationship formed by social animals to cope with challenges in both the natural and social environments. Studies have found that the immigration of females can affect the social affiliation relationships among family members, but the impact of female emigration remains unclear. Aiming to establish the relationship between female emigration and social affiliation, we selected provisioned Qinling golden snub-nosed monkeys as research object from 2017 to 2019 by recording their spatial proximity, behavior, and population changes and analyzing female emigration events at Yuhuangmiao village in the Zhouzhi National Nature Reserve in Qinling Mountains, China. The results indicate Kinship can influence female migration, and the average affiliation strength among family members increased after female emigration (Wilcoxon Sign Rank test, P = 0. 015, n = 9). This increase in affiliation strength was not due to the individual attributes of the emigrating females but rather a general enhancement in the average affiliation strength among family members following the emigration of any female. The tenure length of the dominant male and the degree of affiliation change among family members were negatively correlated (Pearson correlation analysis, r = -0. 677, P < 0. 01, n = 5). That is, the longer the tenure of the leader, the smaller the degree of change in the affiliation between family members. Female emigration is an effective behavioral strategy for maintaining internal stability within OMU and may provide valuable data for understanding the multi-level society of the Qinling golden snub-nosed monkeys.
SONG Yuting
,
DU Xiaobing
,
ZHANG Jing
,
YANG Yijun
,
BAO Lei
,
LI Baoguo
,
QI Xiaoguang
. Effects of female emigration on the affiliation relationships among individuals within OMU of the Qinling golden snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana)[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2025
, 45(4)
: 477
-484
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DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150974
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