Abstract: Mating systems as the expression of breeding behaviors, resulted from evoluition with species-specific aspects and hereditability. Thus difference in mating systems might be based on diversity of physiological procedures. The recent studies have implicated the neurohypophyseal peptides oxytocin (if) and vasopressin AVP) in the central mediation of complex social behaviors correlated to monogamy and promiscuity. Comparison of the behaviors and expressive regions of OT receptor and AVP receptor in the brain among several species of vole have identified species-specific patterns of these receptors that appear to relate to a monogamous versus promiscuous social structure. Molecular approaches show that changes in the regulative sequence of OTand AVP-receptor gene underlie these species differences in receptor distribution and might provide a mechanism responsible for the evolution of mating system in voles.

Key words: Vole, Mating system, Neural system, Hormone, Receptor gene

摘要： 作为繁殖行为的一种表现形式，婚配制度是通过长期进化而形成的，具有种属特异性及可遗传性。因此，不同的婚配制度具有不同的生理基础。这种生理基础由3级结构组成：神经直接启动并维持繁殖行为；激素或通过诱导特异神经通路的发育或直接激活神经传导影响繁殖行为；基因则可能是通过调节激素的代谢和作用方式来控制与繁殖行为相关的神经系统。田鼠脑中涉及婚配制度的区域集中在视前区中部（MPOA），腹被盖区（VTA），膈部及纹状体端部。起作用的激素主要是催产素（OT）和后叶加压素（AVP）。导致田鼠形成不同婚配制度的最终原因可能是这两种激素受体基因上的差异。受体基因调控区的启动子序列存在变异，导致脑中受体基因在表达区域上的差异，进而使激素激活不同的神经通路，产生不同的繁殖行为及婚配制度。

关键词: 田鼠, 婚配制度, 神经系统, 激素, 受体基因