滇东南南溪河中下游懒猴种群分布与保护现状

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150859

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 蜂猴(Nycticebus bengalensis)与倭蜂猴(Xanthonycticebus intermedius)是国内现存的两种懒猴科灵长类，因其独特的生态及行为特点，具有重要的研究与保护价值。由于受到捕猎及栖息地丧失的持续威胁，懒猴种群持续下降，分布区日益缩减，但种群及分布调查的缺失阻碍了保护计划的制定与实施。滇东南是历史记载中懒猴分布的重要区域，并且是潜在的两个物种的同域分布范围。2022年10月至2023年9月，通过访问、网络及样线调查相结合的方式，对滇东南范围内河口和马关县辖区的懒猴种群分布及保护现状进行了详细评估，确定了9个懒猴集中分布点。结果表明，本区域仍是国内懒猴分布的重要范围，且是倭蜂猴分布最为集中的区域之一。当地民众对懒猴的认知尚处于较低水平，受教育程度、年龄及经济状况的显著影响。懒猴分布区域多位于保护区边缘，当前的保护措施缺乏针对性，需要加强监测管理，建设生态廊道并通过宣传教育提升当地民众意识。

关键词: 蜂猴, 倭蜂猴, 生境破碎化, 保护意识

Abstract: The Bengal slow loris (Nycticebus bengalensis) and the pygmy loris (Xanthonycticebus intermedius) are two species of Lorisinae primates recorded in China. Their unique ecological and behavioral characteristics highlight the importance of research and conservation. However, they are continuously threatened by hunting and habitat loss, resulting in declining populations and shrinking distribution areas. The lack of population and distribution data has hindered the development and implementation of conservation plans. Southeastern Yunnan is a vital region historically known for the presence of Lorisinae primates and the potentially sympatric range of both species. From October 2022 to September 2023, we conducted a detailed assessment of this taxon’s distribution and conservation status in Hekou and Maguan counties by interview and transect surveys. We identified nine forest areas with high encounter rates of loris primates. The results showed that this region remains essential for Lorisinae distribution, especially for the pygmy loris. The local communities have a relatively low level of awareness and knowledge about this taxon, which is significantly influenced by education, age, and economic conditions. The distribution areas of loris primates are mainly located on the edges of nature reserves, and current protection approaches seem to be unreliable. It is urgent to strengthen monitoring and management, establish ecological corridors, and raise awareness among local communities through outreach and education programs.

Key words: Bengal slow loris, Pygmy loris, Habitat fragmentation, Conservation awareness

中图分类号:

Q958.1

赵凯瑞, 廖琳鸿, 谢磊, 杜雅婷, 董鹏妹, 解萌, 倪庆永. 滇东南南溪河中下游懒猴种群分布与保护现状[J]. 兽类学报, 2024, 44(1): 85-93.

ZHAO Kairui, LIAO Linhong, XIE Lei, DU Yating, DONG Pengmei, XIE Meng, NI Qingyong. Distribution and conservation status of Lorisinae primates in the middle and lower reaches of Nanxi River in southeastern Yunnan[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2024, 44(1): 85-93.

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