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鼠类不育控制的生态学基础

张知彬   

  1. 中国科学院动物研究所,北京
  • 出版日期:2006-07-29 发布日期:2008-07-07

THE ECOLOGICAL FUNDAMENTALS 0F RODENT CONTROL BY CONTRACEPTION

ZHANG Zhibin   

  • Online:2006-07-29 Published:2008-07-07

摘要: (1)不育控制是与传统的单一化学灭杀截然不同的鼠害防治策略,它着重于降低种群生育率来达到控制鼠类数量的目的。(2)传统不育控制在不育个体对生育个体的竞争性繁殖干扰方面注意不够,低估了不育控制的潜力。(3)本文依据生态学原理,经过数学推理和分析后认为,即使在不考虑竞争性繁殖干扰的情况下,不育控制基本上可以达到同样水平单纯灭杀的控制效果;若再考虑到不育个体的竞争性繁殖干扰作用,不育控制的实际效果将明显优于单纯灭杀。(4)本文认为,若能将不育控制与传统灭杀有机结合起来,既能发挥化学灭杀快速的优点,又能最大地发挥不育控制的竞争性繁殖干扰作用,利于消灭残鼠,抑制鼠类数量的快速恢复。

关键词: 鼠类, 生育率控制, 种群控制, 竞争性繁殖干扰, 综合防治

Abstract: 1.The contraception control is a different strategy of rodent management from the traditional culling which emphasize on reducing the birth rate instead of increasing mortality of rodent population.
2.In the strategy of traditional contraception control,the competitively reproductive interference by sterile individuals to reproductive ones was ignored and thus the potentiality of contraception in rodent control was less estimated.
3.After theoretical analysis we believe contraception is as efective as traditional culling in controlling rodents even without consideration of competitively reproductive
interference by sterile individuals.If such interference is taken into account,contraception may be much better than culling.
4.A new strategy of using contraception was suggested in this paper.It focused on the combination between the contraception control and culling.In this way,The new strategy owned both the advantages of contraception control and culling, i.e.crash rodent population quickly and keep them at a very low level for a long time.

Key words: Rodent, Contraception control, Birth control, Competitively reproductive interference, rodent control