关键词: 藏原羚, 社群结构, 昼间行为, 性比, 警惕性

Abstract: The group structure and diurnal behavior of Tibetan gazelle ( Procapra picticaudata) were studied in Shiqu county of Sichuan Province in August 1996, fromJune to August of 1999 and fromJuly to August of 2003. A total of 77 groups were observed.Group size was mainly composed of 2 - 8 individuals , which was 77.9% of total groups observed. The largest group observed was 20 individuals. Tibetan gazelle groups could be divided into three types: male-only groups ( 43.3%) , female-only groups (33.3%) and mother-offspring groups (23.3%) . The sex ratio of adults was 1:1.74 (female : male) . The ratio of juveniles to adult females was 44:100 , and the ratio of juveniles to all adults was 16:100. Daylight time budgets were calculated and animals spent 37% of their time feeding, 25% moving, 19 % standing and gazing and 18% bedding. Tibetan gazelle prefered to feed and move on the middle and upper slope of mountains and bed on the middle and lower slopes, but there were some behavioral differences between males and females.
Two feeding and moving activity peaks of Tibetan gazelle during the daytime were from 08 : 00 to 10 : 00 and from 14 : 00 to 17 : 00 , and the main resting-bedding period was from 11 : 00 to14 : 00. The positive correlation ( r = 0.628, P = 0.035) between feeding and moving behavior indicated that Tibetan gazelle usually feeds while moving. There was a negative correlation between feeding and bedding behavior ( r = - 0.929, P = 0.000) , and between moving and bedding behavior ( r = - 0.860, P = 0.001) . Observations of standing and gazing behavior were seen throughout the day, which showed the Tibetan gazelle's consistent state of vigilance.

Key words: Tibetan gazelle ( Procapra picticaudata), Group structure, Diurnal behavior, Sex ratio, Vigilance