圈养大熊猫对贵州省不同竹类的采食特征

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150980

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为圈养大熊猫（Ailuropoda melanoleuca）探索利用本地竹类资源是各圈养基地建设的重要研究内容。本研究基于贵州地区的竹类资源现状，开展圈养大熊猫对本地17属56种竹类的采食特征研究。结果表明，本地圈养的两只大熊猫对贵州竹类选择性范围很广，有53种（94.64%）竹子被大熊猫取食，尤其偏爱贵州本地的苦竹（Pleioblastus amarus）和阔叶箬竹（Indocalamus latifolius）；对大多数竹类品种会优先选择取食竹叶，对茎取食很少或不取食，但对苦竹茎的取食相比于其他竹种存在极显著差异（P < 0.01），对箬竹叶取食差异则不显著（P >0.05）。竹类叶片质量和叶面积分析表明，在所供竹种中，大熊猫偏好食用竹类的叶质量和叶片面积显著大于其不喜食竹类的叶片质量和叶片面积（P < 0.01）。综上所述，大熊猫对投喂贵州分布的不同竹种具有明显的取食偏好，本研究结果可为进一步促进大熊猫在贵州的圈养水平，并为其他地区的圈养大熊猫的本地竹种食源选择提供有益参考。

关键词: 圈养大熊猫, 食性选择, 竹类, 贵州省

Abstract: The utilization of local bamboo resources for captive giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) is a critical component of zoo management and conservation strategies. This study investigates the feeding behavior of captive giant pandas on 56 bamboo species from 17 genera, based on the current availability of bamboo resources in Guizhou Province, China. The results indicate that the two captive giant pandas exhibited a broad dietary range, consuming 53 (94. 64%) of the bamboo species offered. The pandas primarily consumed the leaves of most bamboo species, while stems were rarely eaten. Notably, they displayed a strong preference for bitter bamboo (Pleioblastus amarus) and broad-leaved reed bamboo (Indocalamus latifolius). Statistical analysis revealed a highly significant difference in the consumption of bitter bamboo stems compared to other species (P < 0. 01), whereas no significant difference was observed in the consumption of reed bamboo leaves (P > 0. 05). Further analysis of leaf weight and leaf area demonstrated that the pandas preferentially consumed bamboo species with significantly heavier and larger leaves (P < 0. 01). These findings highlight distinct feeding preferences of captive giant pandas for specific native bamboo species. The study provides a valuable example for optimizing the captive breeding and management of giant pandas in Guizhou Province and offers a scientific basis for selecting local bamboo species as food sources for captive giant pandas in other regions.

Key words: Captive giant pandas, Dietary preference, Bamboo species, Guizhou Province

中图分类号:

Q958.1

李达, 杨雄威, 代振江, 粟海军, 冯文武. 圈养大熊猫对贵州省不同竹类的采食特征[J]. 兽类学报, 2026, 46(1): 95-104.

LI Da, YANG Xiongwei, DAI Zhenjiang, SU Haijun, FENG Wenwu. Feeding characteristics of captive giant pandas on different bamboo species in Guizhou Province[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2026, 46(1): 95-104.

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