地下啮齿动物震动信号发生机制与传导途径研究进展

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.151090

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

地下啮齿动物栖息于黑暗、复杂的地下洞道，环境压力作用下进化出了与环境相适应的通讯方式，而震动通讯是其生物学进化适应的典型行为策略之一。了解震动信号的发生部位与传导途径，是完善和发展地下啮齿动物震动通讯研究首先要解决的问题。但是，地下啮齿动物独特的栖息生活方式增加了震动通讯研究的难度。这些挑战制约了地下啮齿动物震动通讯方面研究的深入拓展。本文主要综述了地下啮齿动物震动信号的发生机制与传导途径的研究现状，总的来说，信号产生机制涉及足部、头部、胸部、牙齿和鼻吻部的多样性作用。信号传导途径有骨传导与体感接收：骨传导依赖下颌骨‑听小骨链传递震动至内耳；体感接收则通过机械感受器实现，不同距离下两者可能协同作用以实现信号接收。并从震动信号产生机制中相关部位作用的差异性、震动信号传导途径以及应用于鼢鼠鼠害管理方面，展望其未来研究方向。

关键词: 地下啮齿动物, 震动通讯, 发生机制, 传导途径

Abstract:

Subterranean rodents inhabit dark and complex underground tunnels. Under the action of environmental pressure, they have evolved communication methods that are compatible with the environment, and seismic communication is one of the typical behavioral strategies for their biological evolutionary adaptation. Understanding the location and transmission pathway of seismic signals is the first problem to be solved to improve and develop the research on seismic communication of subterranean rodents. However, the unique habitat lifestyle of subterranean rodents increases the difficulty of seismic communication research, limiting the in-depth development of research on seismic communication of subterranean rodents. This paper reviews the research status of the occurrence mechanism and transmission pathway of seismic signals in subterranean rodents. In general, the signal generation mechanism involves the diversity of foot, head, chest, teeth and nasal snout. The signal transduction pathway includes bone conduction and somatosensory reception.Bone conduction relies on the mandibular-ossicular chain to transmit seismic to the inner ear, whereas somatosensory reception is achieved by mechanical receptors, and the two may work together at different distances to achieve signal reception. The future research direction is prospected from the difference of the role of related parts in the mechanism of seismic signal generation, the transmission pathway of seismic signal, and the application in the management of zokor damage.

Key words: Subterranean rodents, Seismic communication, Mechanisms of occurrence, Transduction pathways

中图分类号:

Q958.1

董克池, 花立民. 地下啮齿动物震动信号发生机制与传导途径研究进展[J]. 兽类学报, 2025, 45(6): 763-770.

Kechi DONG, Limin HUA. Research progress on the mechanism and transmission pathway of seismic signals in subterranean rodents[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2025, 45(6): 763-770.

图/表 1

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科 Family	属 Genus	种 Specie	社会性 Sociality	发生机制 Mechanisms of occurrence	参考文献 Reference
滨鼠科 Bathyergidae	霜鼠属 Heliophobius	霜鼠 Heliophobius argenteocinereus	独居 Solitary	头部 Head	Sumbera et al.， 2003
	滨鼠属 Bathyergus	南非滨鼠 Bathyergus suillus	独居 Solitary	足部 Foot	Sahd， 2021
	滨鼠属 Bathyergus	复尾滨鼠 Bathyergus janetta	独居 Solitary	足部 Foot	Herbst et al.， 2004
	隐鼠属 Cryptomys	安哥拉隐鼠 Cryptomys mechowi	群居 Group	胸部 Chest	Bednářová， 2013
		纳米比亚达隐鼠 Cryptomys damarensis	群居 Group	足部 Foot	Bennett and Jarvis， 1988
		隐鼠 Cryptomys hottentotus	群居 Group	足部 Foot	Bennett and Jarvis， 1988
	岬鼠属 Georychus	岬鼠 Georychus capensis	独居 Solitary	足部 Foot	Sahd， 2021
鼹形鼠科 Spalacidae	速掘鼠属 Tachyoryctes	东非鼹鼠 Tachyoryctes splendens	独居 Solitary	牙齿 Teeth	Francescoli and Altuna，1998
		大东非鼹鼠 Tachyoryctes macrocephalus	独居 Solitary	头部 Head	Hrouzková et al.， 2018
		奇异鼹鼠 Tachyoryctes daemon	独居 Solitary	头部 Head	Hrouzková et al.， 2013
	凸颅鼢鼠属 Eospalax	甘肃鼢鼠 Eospalax cansus	独居 Solitary	鼻吻部 Snout	李金钢等， 2001
	凸颅鼢鼠属 Eospalax	高原鼢鼠 Eospalax baileyi	独居 Solitary	鼻吻部 Snout	董克池等， 2021
	鼹形鼠属 Spalax	盲鼹鼠 Spalax ehrenbergi	独居 Solitary	头部 Head	Rado et al.， 1998
		上加利利山盲鼹鼠 Spalax galili	独居 Solitary	头部 Head	Heth et al.， 1991
		戈兰高地盲鼹鼠 Spalax golani	独居 Solitary	头部 Head	Heth et al.，1987，1991
		卡梅尔山盲鼹鼠 Spalax carmeli	独居 Solitary	头部 Head	Heth et al.，1987，1991
		犹太山脉盲鼹鼠 Spalax judaei	独居 Solitary	头部 Head	Heth et al.， 1991

科 Family	属 Genus	种 Specie	社会性 Sociality	发生机制 Mechanisms of occurrence	参考文献 Reference
滨鼠科 Bathyergidae	霜鼠属 Heliophobius	霜鼠 Heliophobius argenteocinereus	独居 Solitary	头部 Head	Sumbera et al.， 2003
	滨鼠属 Bathyergus	南非滨鼠 Bathyergus suillus	独居 Solitary	足部 Foot	Sahd， 2021
	滨鼠属 Bathyergus	复尾滨鼠 Bathyergus janetta	独居 Solitary	足部 Foot	Herbst et al.， 2004
	隐鼠属 Cryptomys	安哥拉隐鼠 Cryptomys mechowi	群居 Group	胸部 Chest	Bednářová， 2013
		纳米比亚达隐鼠 Cryptomys damarensis	群居 Group	足部 Foot	Bennett and Jarvis， 1988
		隐鼠 Cryptomys hottentotus	群居 Group	足部 Foot	Bennett and Jarvis， 1988
	岬鼠属 Georychus	岬鼠 Georychus capensis	独居 Solitary	足部 Foot	Sahd， 2021
鼹形鼠科 Spalacidae	速掘鼠属 Tachyoryctes	东非鼹鼠 Tachyoryctes splendens	独居 Solitary	牙齿 Teeth	Francescoli and Altuna，1998
		大东非鼹鼠 Tachyoryctes macrocephalus	独居 Solitary	头部 Head	Hrouzková et al.， 2018
		奇异鼹鼠 Tachyoryctes daemon	独居 Solitary	头部 Head	Hrouzková et al.， 2013
	凸颅鼢鼠属 Eospalax	甘肃鼢鼠 Eospalax cansus	独居 Solitary	鼻吻部 Snout	李金钢等， 2001
	凸颅鼢鼠属 Eospalax	高原鼢鼠 Eospalax baileyi	独居 Solitary	鼻吻部 Snout	董克池等， 2021
	鼹形鼠属 Spalax	盲鼹鼠 Spalax ehrenbergi	独居 Solitary	头部 Head	Rado et al.， 1998
		上加利利山盲鼹鼠 Spalax galili	独居 Solitary	头部 Head	Heth et al.， 1991
		戈兰高地盲鼹鼠 Spalax golani	独居 Solitary	头部 Head	Heth et al.，1987，1991
		卡梅尔山盲鼹鼠 Spalax carmeli	独居 Solitary	头部 Head	Heth et al.，1987，1991
		犹太山脉盲鼹鼠 Spalax judaei	独居 Solitary	头部 Head	Heth et al.， 1991

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