Abstract: Bats play multifaceted roles in ecosystems, profoundly impacting both the environment and human societies through their diverse ecosystem services. This review aims to summarize the current status and future prospects of studies concerning bat ecosystem services, with particular emphasis on their roles in provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting services. In terms of provisioning services, bats provide valuable resources for agriculture and medicine, particularly bat guano (known as‘Ye Mingsha’), which is an important component in traditional Chinese medicine and can also serve as an efficient organic fertilizer that significantly improves soil quality and crop yields. Additionally, some biological characteristics of bats, such as anticoagulant proteins and antiviral compounds in their saliva, provide an essential basis for new drug development, driving innovation in biotechnology and medicine. In regulating services, insectivorous bats not only reduce agricultural pest populations and pesticide use but also create a‘landscape of fear’through predation risks, altering prey behavior and physiology, thereby further reducing their fitness. Frugivorous bats contribute to plant pollination and seed dispersal, improving crop production sustainability and enhancing ecosystem health. In cultural services, the image of bats holds significant symbolic meaning in both Eastern and Western cultures and contributes to local economies through eco-tourism. In supporting services, bats maintain ecosystem health and stability through seed dispersal, plant pollination, and nutrient cycling. The review also anticipates future research directions, underscoring the importance of protecting bats and their ecosystem services to address challenges posed by global environmental changes and to promote sustainable development in human societies.

Key words: Bats, Ecosystem services, Pest control, Pollination, Seed dispersal, Biodiversity conservation

摘要： 蝙蝠在生态系统中扮演着多重角色，通过多种生态系统服务对环境和人类社会产生了深远影响。本文总结蝙蝠生态系统服务的研究现状并对未来进行展望，重点探讨蝙蝠在供给服务、调节服务、文化服务和支持服务中的作用。在供给服务方面，蝙蝠为农业和医药领域提供了宝贵资源，特别是蝙蝠粪便(夜明砂)，不仅是传统中药的重要组成，还可以作为高效的有机肥料，显著提高土壤质量和作物产量。此外，蝙蝠的生物特性，如唾液中的抗凝血蛋白质和抗病毒成分，为新药研发提供了重要的基础，推动了生物技术和医学的创新。在调节服务方面，食虫蝙蝠不仅能够通过捕食作用减少农业害虫和降低农药的使用量，还能通过捕食风险效应对昆虫营造“恐惧景观”，改变猎物的行为和生理，进而降低其适合度。食果蝙蝠则能够为植物授粉和传播种子，提高作物生产的可持续性，促进生态系统健康。在文化服务方面，蝙蝠在中西方文化中均具有重要象征意义，并通过生态旅游为当地经济做出重要贡献。在支持服务方面，蝙蝠通过种子传播、植物授粉和养分循环，维持生态系统的健康与稳定。本文进一步展望了未来研究方向，提出保护蝙蝠及其生态系统服务功能的重要性，以应对全球环境变化带来的挑战，促进人类社会的可持续发展。

关键词: 蝙蝠, 生态系统服务, 害虫控制, 植物授粉, 种子传播, 生物多样性保护