Population size, distribution and gut bacterial composition of Trachypithecus francoisi in Jinfo Mountain National Nature Reserve

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150910

Abstract

Abstract:

To explore the population size and distribution of François’ Langur (Trachypithecus francoisi) in the Jinfo Mountain National Nature Reserve, as well as their adaptability to the environment, we conducted from December 2021 to October 2022 interview surveys, infrared observation, line observation, and trace observation methods. Feces samples of T. francoisi in the reserve were also collected using a non-invasive sampling method to assess gut bacterial composition. The results showed that there were about 180 T. francoisi in the reserve, with an average of 7.83 monkeys per group. Individuals were concentrated in the core area of the reserve, with the largest number in Longtang and Diaozui areas. The dominant phyla of fecal microbial flora in T. francoisi were Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Verrucomicrobia, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacterial. At the species level, Akkermansia muciniphila was the most abundant. In conclusion, the population size of T. francoisi in Jinfo Mountain National Nature Reserve has gradually increased recently, and gut bacterial diversity provided guarantees for the survival of T. francoisi in a complex natural environment.

Key words: Trachypithecus francoisi, Jinfo Mountain, Population size and distribution, Gut bacterial

摘要：

为了探究金佛山国家级自然保护区内的黑叶猴种群数量和分布情况，以及猴群对环境的适应性，本研究采用访问调查、红外相机监测、样线调查、痕迹观察等方法于2021年12月至2022年10月调查了金佛山国家级自然保护区内的野生黑叶猴 (Trachypithecus francoisi) 种群数量与分布。同时通过非损伤性取样法采集保护区内黑叶猴粪便并进行肠道微生物测序。结果表明，金佛山国家级自然保护区内有野生黑叶猴23群共约180只，平均7.83只/群，猴群集中分布于保护区的核心区，龙塘、吊嘴一带数量最多。金佛山黑叶猴的粪便微生物菌群中优势门类为厚壁菌门 (Firmicutes)、放线菌门 (Actinobacteria)、疣微菌门 (Verrucomicrobia)、拟杆菌门 (Bacteroidetes)、变形菌门 (Proteobacteria)，在种水平上，嗜粘蛋白阿克曼氏菌 (Akkermansia muciniphila) 更具优势。结果得出，近年来金佛山国家级自然保护区内的野生黑叶猴种群数量呈现稳步上升趋势，其肠道微生物多样性为野生黑叶猴在复杂的自然环境中生存提供了保障。

关键词: 黑叶猴, 金佛山, 种群数量分布, 肠道微生物

CLC Number:

Q958.1

Xia WANG, Yu CHEN, Haifeng ZHENG, Wei ZHONG, Lixia CHEN, Yawang SUN. Population size, distribution and gut bacterial composition of Trachypithecus francoisi in Jinfo Mountain National Nature Reserve[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2025, 45(3): 324-332.

王霞, 陈雨, 郑海峰, 钟伟, 陈丽霞, 孙雅望. 金佛山国家级自然保护区黑叶猴种群数量分布与肠道微生物组成[J]. 兽类学报, 2025, 45(3): 324-332.

Figures/Tables 5

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群号 Group No.	主要活动地 Main activity areas	种群数量/只 Population size	数据来源 Data resource
1	茶园 Chayuan	5 （4A， 1J）	访问数据 Accessing data
2	茶园 Chayuan	9 （6A， 1J， 2I）	野外观察 Field observation
3	茶园 Chayuan	7 （5A， 1J， 1I）	野外观察 Field observation
4	吊嘴 Diaozui	7 （5A， 2J）	野外观察 Field observation
5	龙塘 Longtang	9 （6A， 1J， 2I）	野外观察 Field observation
6	龙塘 Longtang	5 （4A， 1J）	访问数据、野外观察Accessing data， Field observation
7	龙塘 Longtang	10 （7A， 2J， 1I）	访问数据、野外观察Accessing data， Field observation
8	龙塘 Longtang	7 （6A， 1J）	访问数据、野外观察Accessing data，Field observation
9	龙塘 Longtang	10 （7A， 2J， 1I）	野外观察 Field observation
10	老熊湾 Laoxiongwan	8 （6A， 1J， 1I）	野外观察 Field observation
11	老熊湾 Laoxiongwan	11 （7A， 3J， 1I）	野外观察 Field observation
12	大后坪 Dahouping	4 （4A， 1J）	访问数据、野外观察Accessing data，Field observation
13	大后坪 Dahouping	7 （5A， 2J）	野外观察 Field observation
14	大后坪 Dahouping	12 （8A， 2J， 2I）	野外观察 Field observation
15	泥河坝 Niheba	7 （6A， 1J）	访问数据、野外观察Accessing data， Field observation
16	泥河坝 Niheba	8 （6A， 2J）	访问数据、野外观察Accessing data，Field observation
17	吊嘴 Diaozui	9 （7A， 1J， 1I）	野外观察 Field observation
18	吊嘴 Diaozui	10 （8A， 2J）	野外观察 Field observation
19	吊嘴 Diaozui	5 （4A， 1J）	访问数据、野外观察Accessing data， Field observation
20	吊嘴 Diaozui	7 （6A， 1J）	访问数据、野外观察Accessing data，Field observation
21	天山坪 Tianshanping	9 （7A， 2J）	访问数据 Accessing data
22	天山坪Tianshanping	6 （5A， 1J）	访问数据 Accessing data
23	天山坪Tianshanping	8 （6A， 2J）	访问数据 Accessing data
合计 Total		180 （平均7.83只/群 Average population size is 7.83 per group）

群号 Group No.	主要活动地 Main activity areas	种群数量/只 Population size	数据来源 Data resource
1	茶园 Chayuan	5 （4A， 1J）	访问数据 Accessing data
2	茶园 Chayuan	9 （6A， 1J， 2I）	野外观察 Field observation
3	茶园 Chayuan	7 （5A， 1J， 1I）	野外观察 Field observation
4	吊嘴 Diaozui	7 （5A， 2J）	野外观察 Field observation
5	龙塘 Longtang	9 （6A， 1J， 2I）	野外观察 Field observation
6	龙塘 Longtang	5 （4A， 1J）	访问数据、野外观察Accessing data， Field observation
7	龙塘 Longtang	10 （7A， 2J， 1I）	访问数据、野外观察Accessing data， Field observation
8	龙塘 Longtang	7 （6A， 1J）	访问数据、野外观察Accessing data，Field observation
9	龙塘 Longtang	10 （7A， 2J， 1I）	野外观察 Field observation
10	老熊湾 Laoxiongwan	8 （6A， 1J， 1I）	野外观察 Field observation
11	老熊湾 Laoxiongwan	11 （7A， 3J， 1I）	野外观察 Field observation
12	大后坪 Dahouping	4 （4A， 1J）	访问数据、野外观察Accessing data，Field observation
13	大后坪 Dahouping	7 （5A， 2J）	野外观察 Field observation
14	大后坪 Dahouping	12 （8A， 2J， 2I）	野外观察 Field observation
15	泥河坝 Niheba	7 （6A， 1J）	访问数据、野外观察Accessing data， Field observation
16	泥河坝 Niheba	8 （6A， 2J）	访问数据、野外观察Accessing data，Field observation
17	吊嘴 Diaozui	9 （7A， 1J， 1I）	野外观察 Field observation
18	吊嘴 Diaozui	10 （8A， 2J）	野外观察 Field observation
19	吊嘴 Diaozui	5 （4A， 1J）	访问数据、野外观察Accessing data， Field observation
20	吊嘴 Diaozui	7 （6A， 1J）	访问数据、野外观察Accessing data，Field observation
21	天山坪 Tianshanping	9 （7A， 2J）	访问数据 Accessing data
22	天山坪Tianshanping	6 （5A， 1J）	访问数据 Accessing data
23	天山坪Tianshanping	8 （6A， 2J）	访问数据 Accessing data
合计 Total		180 （平均7.83只/群 Average population size is 7.83 per group）

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