ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 621-637.DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.151183
• REVIEWS • Next Articles
Ziyu YUAN1,2, Yixin LIU2, Yibo HU2,3(
)
Received:2026-01-16
Accepted:2026-05-14
Online:2026-09-30
Published:2026-10-12
Contact:
Yibo HU
通讯作者:
胡义波
作者简介:袁子雨(1998- ),女,硕士,主要从事哺乳动物肠道微生物组研究.
基金资助:CLC Number:
Ziyu YUAN, Yixin LIU, Yibo HU. Research progress and prospect on gut microbiome in Musteloidea[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2026, 46(5): 621-637.
袁子雨, 刘一心, 胡义波. 鼬超科动物肠道微生物组研究进展与展望[J]. 兽类学报, 2026, 46(5): 621-637.
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Fig.1 Schematic phylogenetic relationships of Musteloidea. The phylogeny was derived from the species-level Carnivora supertree published by Nyakatura et al.(2012). The Musteloidea clade was extracted from the original Newick-format tree and all unrelated taxa were pruned. Tree pruning was performed using MEGA 12 to clearly present the topology of the target group
科 Family | 中、英文名 Chinese,English common name | 物种或亚种名 Species or subspecies | 濒危等级 Endangered status | 文献数量 Literature quantity | 测序类型 Sequencing type | 样本类型 Sample type | 样本来源 Sample resource |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
鼬科 Mustelidae | 美洲水貂 American mink | Neogale vison | LC | 12 | 16S扩增子、宏病毒组 16S amplicon,metaviromic | 粪便、肠道内容物、 肠黏膜、直肠拭子 Feces,intestinal contents, intestinal mucosa,rectal swab | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive |
雪貂 Domestic ferret | Mustela putorius furo | / | 5 | 16S扩增子、宏基因组、ITS 16S amplicon,metagenomic,ITS amplicon | 粪便、直肠拭子 Feces,rectal swab | 圈养 Captive | |
紫貂 Sable | Martes zibellina | LC | 4 | 16S扩增子、宏基因组 16S amplicon,metagenomic | 粪便 Feces | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive | |
美洲松貂 American marten | Martes americana | LC | 1 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 肠道内容物 Intestinal contents | 野外 Wild | |
欧洲水貂 European mink | Mustela lutreola | CR | 3 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 粪便、肠道内容物 Feces,intestinal contents | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive | |
黑足鼬 Black-footed ferret | Mustela nigripes | EN | 1 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 粪便 Feces | 圈养 Captive | |
欧亚水獭 Eurasian otter | Lutra lutra | NT | 6 | 宏基因组 metagenomic | 粪便 Feces | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive | |
新热带水獭 Neotropical otter | Lontra longicaudis | NT | 2 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 粪便 Feces | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive | |
北美水獭 North American river otter | Lontra canadensis | LC | 2 | 16S扩增子、宏基因组 16S amplicon,metagenomic | 粪便、肠道内容物 Feces,intestinal contents | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive | |
海獭 Sea otter | Enhydra lutris | EN | 1 | 16S扩增子、宏基因组 16S amplicon,metagenomic | 粪便、直肠拭子 Feces, rectal swab | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive | |
亚洲小爪水獭 Asian small-clawed otter | Aonyx cinereus | VU | 2 | 16S扩增子、宏基因组 16S amplicon,metagenomic | 粪便 Feces | 圈养 Captive | |
巨獭 giant otter | Pteronura brasiliensis | EN | 1 | 16S扩增子、宏基因组 16S amplicon,metagenomic | 粪便 Feces | 圈养 Captive | |
亚洲狗獾 Asian badger | Meles leucurus | LC | 1 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 肠道内容物 Intestinal contents | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive | |
欧洲狗獾 European badger | Meles meles | LC | 1 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 肠道内容物 Intestinal contents | 野外 Wild | |
日本狗獾 Japanese badger | Meles anakuma | LC | 1 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 肠道内容物 Intestinal contents | 野外 Wild | |
臭鼬科 Mephitidae | 西部斑臭鼬 Western spotted skunk | Spilogale gracilis | LC | 2 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 肛周拭子 Perianal swab | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive |
条纹臭鼬 Striped skunk | Mephitis mephitis | LC | 1 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 粪便 Feces | 圈养 Captive | |
浣熊科 Procyonidae | 北美浣熊 Northern raccoon | Procyon lotor | LC | 2 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 粪便、肠道内容物 Feces, intestinal contents | 野外 Wild |
小熊猫科 Ailuridae | 中华小熊猫 Chinese red panda | Ailurus styani | EN | 23 | 16S扩增子、宏基因组、 宏病毒组、ITS 16S amplicon,metagenomic,metaviromic,ITS amplicon | 粪便 Feces | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive |
Table 1 Summary of research information on Musteloidea gut microbiome
科 Family | 中、英文名 Chinese,English common name | 物种或亚种名 Species or subspecies | 濒危等级 Endangered status | 文献数量 Literature quantity | 测序类型 Sequencing type | 样本类型 Sample type | 样本来源 Sample resource |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
鼬科 Mustelidae | 美洲水貂 American mink | Neogale vison | LC | 12 | 16S扩增子、宏病毒组 16S amplicon,metaviromic | 粪便、肠道内容物、 肠黏膜、直肠拭子 Feces,intestinal contents, intestinal mucosa,rectal swab | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive |
雪貂 Domestic ferret | Mustela putorius furo | / | 5 | 16S扩增子、宏基因组、ITS 16S amplicon,metagenomic,ITS amplicon | 粪便、直肠拭子 Feces,rectal swab | 圈养 Captive | |
紫貂 Sable | Martes zibellina | LC | 4 | 16S扩增子、宏基因组 16S amplicon,metagenomic | 粪便 Feces | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive | |
美洲松貂 American marten | Martes americana | LC | 1 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 肠道内容物 Intestinal contents | 野外 Wild | |
欧洲水貂 European mink | Mustela lutreola | CR | 3 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 粪便、肠道内容物 Feces,intestinal contents | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive | |
黑足鼬 Black-footed ferret | Mustela nigripes | EN | 1 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 粪便 Feces | 圈养 Captive | |
欧亚水獭 Eurasian otter | Lutra lutra | NT | 6 | 宏基因组 metagenomic | 粪便 Feces | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive | |
新热带水獭 Neotropical otter | Lontra longicaudis | NT | 2 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 粪便 Feces | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive | |
北美水獭 North American river otter | Lontra canadensis | LC | 2 | 16S扩增子、宏基因组 16S amplicon,metagenomic | 粪便、肠道内容物 Feces,intestinal contents | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive | |
海獭 Sea otter | Enhydra lutris | EN | 1 | 16S扩增子、宏基因组 16S amplicon,metagenomic | 粪便、直肠拭子 Feces, rectal swab | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive | |
亚洲小爪水獭 Asian small-clawed otter | Aonyx cinereus | VU | 2 | 16S扩增子、宏基因组 16S amplicon,metagenomic | 粪便 Feces | 圈养 Captive | |
巨獭 giant otter | Pteronura brasiliensis | EN | 1 | 16S扩增子、宏基因组 16S amplicon,metagenomic | 粪便 Feces | 圈养 Captive | |
亚洲狗獾 Asian badger | Meles leucurus | LC | 1 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 肠道内容物 Intestinal contents | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive | |
欧洲狗獾 European badger | Meles meles | LC | 1 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 肠道内容物 Intestinal contents | 野外 Wild | |
日本狗獾 Japanese badger | Meles anakuma | LC | 1 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 肠道内容物 Intestinal contents | 野外 Wild | |
臭鼬科 Mephitidae | 西部斑臭鼬 Western spotted skunk | Spilogale gracilis | LC | 2 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 肛周拭子 Perianal swab | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive |
条纹臭鼬 Striped skunk | Mephitis mephitis | LC | 1 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 粪便 Feces | 圈养 Captive | |
浣熊科 Procyonidae | 北美浣熊 Northern raccoon | Procyon lotor | LC | 2 | 16S扩增子 16S amplicon | 粪便、肠道内容物 Feces, intestinal contents | 野外 Wild |
小熊猫科 Ailuridae | 中华小熊猫 Chinese red panda | Ailurus styani | EN | 23 | 16S扩增子、宏基因组、 宏病毒组、ITS 16S amplicon,metagenomic,metaviromic,ITS amplicon | 粪便 Feces | 野外、圈养 Wild,captive |
Fig.2 Overview infographic of gut microbiome studies in Musteloidea. A: Composition of included studies by methodological category across host families (Mustelidae, Ailuridae, Procyonidae, and Mephitidae). The ring sectors represent methodological categories (16S amplicon sequencing, metagenomics, 16S & metagenomics, and non-sequencing methods), and colored segments within each sector indicate the contribution of each host family. Numbers in parentheses denote the number of included studies (n). B: Study counts and species coverage across host families. Bar height indicates the number of studies (left axis), and the line and points indicate species coverage (right axis), defined as the number of unique host species represented in included studies divided by the total number of extant species in that host family (shown as fractions, e.g., 15/54)
类群 Taxon | 食性类型 Dietary category | 栖息环境 Habitat type | 主要菌群特征 Major microbiome features | 参考文献 References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
貂属 Martes | 肉食 Carnivore | 陆栖 Terrestrial | 拟杆菌属、巴恩斯氏菌属、副拟杆菌属、布劳特菌属 Bacteroides, Barnesiella, Parabacteroides, Blautia | |
鼬属 Mustela | 肉食 Carnivore | 陆栖 Terrestrial | 梭菌属、埃希氏菌属-志贺菌属复合群、副梭菌属 Clostridium, Escherichia‐Shigella complex, Paeniclostridium | |
美洲鼬属 Neogale | 肉食 Carnivore | 水栖 Aqutic | 梭菌科、消化链球菌科 Clostridiaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae | |
水獭亚科 Lutrinae | 肉食 Carnivore | 水栖 Aqutic | 微泡菌属、芽孢八叠球菌属、螺杆菌属 Microbulbifer, Sporosarcina, Helicobacter | |
狗獾属 Meles | 杂食 Omnivore | 陆栖 Terrestrial | 埃希氏菌属-志贺菌属复合群、链球菌属、肠球菌属、隆鲍特菌属、土孢杆菌属 Escherichia‐Shigella complex, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Romboutsia, Terrisporobacter | |
浣熊科 Procyonidae | 杂食 Omnivore | 陆栖 Terrestrial | 梭菌属、拟杆菌属、螺杆菌属、梭杆菌属、埃希氏菌属-志贺菌属复合群 Clostridium, Bacteroides, Helicobacter, Fusobacterium, Escherichia‐Shigella complex | |
臭鼬科 Mephitidae | 杂食 Omnivore | 陆栖 Terrestrial | 动弯杆菌属、柯林斯菌属、厌氧球菌属、隐秘杆菌属、嗜胨菌属、 弯曲杆菌属 Mobiluncus, Collinsella, Anaerococcus, Arcanobacterium, Peptoniphilus, Campylobacter | |
小熊猫科 Ailuridae | 植食 Herbivore | 陆栖 Terrestrial | 埃希氏菌属-志贺菌属复合群、梭菌属、链球菌属 Escherichia‐Shigella complex, Clostridium, Streptococcus |
Table 2 Summary of gut microbiome characteristics in Musteloidea
类群 Taxon | 食性类型 Dietary category | 栖息环境 Habitat type | 主要菌群特征 Major microbiome features | 参考文献 References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
貂属 Martes | 肉食 Carnivore | 陆栖 Terrestrial | 拟杆菌属、巴恩斯氏菌属、副拟杆菌属、布劳特菌属 Bacteroides, Barnesiella, Parabacteroides, Blautia | |
鼬属 Mustela | 肉食 Carnivore | 陆栖 Terrestrial | 梭菌属、埃希氏菌属-志贺菌属复合群、副梭菌属 Clostridium, Escherichia‐Shigella complex, Paeniclostridium | |
美洲鼬属 Neogale | 肉食 Carnivore | 水栖 Aqutic | 梭菌科、消化链球菌科 Clostridiaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae | |
水獭亚科 Lutrinae | 肉食 Carnivore | 水栖 Aqutic | 微泡菌属、芽孢八叠球菌属、螺杆菌属 Microbulbifer, Sporosarcina, Helicobacter | |
狗獾属 Meles | 杂食 Omnivore | 陆栖 Terrestrial | 埃希氏菌属-志贺菌属复合群、链球菌属、肠球菌属、隆鲍特菌属、土孢杆菌属 Escherichia‐Shigella complex, Streptococcus, Enterococcus, Romboutsia, Terrisporobacter | |
浣熊科 Procyonidae | 杂食 Omnivore | 陆栖 Terrestrial | 梭菌属、拟杆菌属、螺杆菌属、梭杆菌属、埃希氏菌属-志贺菌属复合群 Clostridium, Bacteroides, Helicobacter, Fusobacterium, Escherichia‐Shigella complex | |
臭鼬科 Mephitidae | 杂食 Omnivore | 陆栖 Terrestrial | 动弯杆菌属、柯林斯菌属、厌氧球菌属、隐秘杆菌属、嗜胨菌属、 弯曲杆菌属 Mobiluncus, Collinsella, Anaerococcus, Arcanobacterium, Peptoniphilus, Campylobacter | |
小熊猫科 Ailuridae | 植食 Herbivore | 陆栖 Terrestrial | 埃希氏菌属-志贺菌属复合群、梭菌属、链球菌属 Escherichia‐Shigella complex, Clostridium, Streptococcus |
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