A new family of mammals recorded in Xizang: Sicistidae

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.151005

Abstract

Abstract:

In August 2023, one specimen was collected from Chentang Town, Dingjie County, Xizang Autonomous Region. Dorsally, the hair of this specimen is dark yellowish-brown, interspersed with short black hair, with no black stripes seen along the back. The ventral hair is light yellowish-brown, and markedly distinct from the dorsal color. The tail is longer than head-and-body length and exhibits distinct dorsal and ventral color. The ears are short and round, covered with thick, short, chocolate-colored hair. Its anterior palatine foramina are shorter, extending backwards only to the level of the middle of the premolar, and the posterior edge of the palate is closely aligned to the third upper posterior molar. The second upper molar teeth are of the same length and width, and have an overall square shape. These characteristics are consistent with those of the type specimen of Sicista concolor leathemi, as are the 4 body measurements and 10 skull measurements. Thus, the morphological traits indicate that the Xizang specimen is Sicista concolor leathemi. A phylogenetic analysis based on Cyt b sequences confirmed that the Xizang individual clusters together with other specimens of S. c. leathemi with strong support (PP = 0.95). The average K2P distance between the specimen and other species of Sicista was 22.9%. We recovered significant differences between Sicista concolor leathemi and the other two subspecies of Sicista concolor. Based on these results, we recognize Sicista leathemi as an independent species. This represents the first record of the family Sicistidae in Xizang.

Key words: Sicista concolor leathemi, Xizang Autonomous Region, New record

摘要：

2022年7月在西藏自治区定结县陈塘镇附近进行小型兽类调查时，捕捉到1只蹶鼠属（Sicista）动物标本。该样本背毛深黄褐色，间杂明显的黑色短毛，沿脊背未见黑色条纹，腹毛浅黄褐色，背腹界限较为明显，尾长大于头体长，背腹两色，耳短且圆，覆盖浓密的巧克力色短毛；顶间骨长仅为宽的1/3左右，硬腭后缘与第三上臼齿后缘水平线几乎齐平，腭孔较短，仅延伸至上臼齿中端水平线位置；第二上臼齿长宽一致，几呈正方形；这符合中国蹶鼠克什米尔亚种（Sicista concolor leathemi）的鉴定特征。4项外形和10项头骨测量数据与中国蹶鼠克什米尔亚种模式标本测量数据基本一致。形态鉴定为中国蹶鼠克什米尔亚种。在基于Cytb构建的系统树中，该样品单独构成一个单系（支持率PP = 0.95），与蹶鼠属其他物种的平均遗传距离为22.9%，且有其独特的鉴别特征，建议恢复克什米尔蹶鼠（Sicista leathemi）的独立种地位。蹶鼠科物种是西藏自治区兽类首次记录。

关键词: 中国蹶鼠克什米尔亚种, 西藏自治区, 新纪录

CLC Number:

Q958.3

Yingxun LIU, Buqing PENG, Xuming WANG, Rui LIAO, Xuan PAN, Shaoying LIU. A new family of mammals recorded in Xizang: Sicistidae[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2026, 46(1): 140-147.

刘莹洵, 彭步青, 王旭明, 廖锐, 潘璇, 刘少英. 西藏兽类一新纪录科——蹶鼠科[J]. 兽类学报, 2026, 46(1): 140-147.

Figures/Tables 6

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测量数据 Measurement	本研究 This study	Thomas （1893）
样本量 Sample size	1	1（模式标本 Holotype）
体质量 W	9	—
头体长 HB	71	66
尾长 TL	118	112
后足长 HF	21	19
耳长 EL	13	8.3
枕鼻长 SHCL	20.39	20.7
鼻骨长 NL	7.69	7.7
鼻骨最大宽 SGW	2.76	2.7
眶间宽 OSD	4.16	4.2
脑颅最大宽 GRB	9.62	9.6
顶间骨长 IB	2.01	2.3
顶间骨宽 IL	6.89	7.0
腭长 PL	8.78	8.2
门齿孔长 FIL	3.87	4.0
上齿列长 UTRL	2.99	3.1

测量数据 Measurement	本研究 This study	Thomas （1893）
样本量 Sample size	1	1（模式标本 Holotype）
体质量 W	9	—
头体长 HB	71	66
尾长 TL	118	112
后足长 HF	21	19
耳长 EL	13	8.3
枕鼻长 SHCL	20.39	20.7
鼻骨长 NL	7.69	7.7
鼻骨最大宽 SGW	2.76	2.7
眶间宽 OSD	4.16	4.2
脑颅最大宽 GRB	9.62	9.6
顶间骨长 IB	2.01	2.3
顶间骨宽 IL	6.89	7.0
腭长 PL	8.78	8.2
门齿孔长 FIL	3.87	4.0
上齿列长 UTRL	2.99	3.1

序号 No.	物种 Species	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
1	亚美尼亚长尾蹶鼠 Sicista armenica
2	北方蹶鼠 Sicista betulina	0.202
3	高加索蹶鼠 Sicista caucasica	0.154	0.185
4	长尾蹶鼠 Sicista caudata	0.217	0.196	0.221
5	中国蹶鼠 Sicista concolor	0.161	0.144	0.145	0.153
6	陈塘样本Specimen of Chentang	0.279	0.231	0.247	0.255	0.164
7	南方蹶鼠 Sicista loriger	0.245	0.168	0.192	0.209	0.143	0.215
8	格鲁吉亚蹶鼠 Sicista kluchorica	0.160	0.186	0.092	0.204	0.144	0.240	0.198
9	捷河蹶鼠 Sicista kazbegica	0.124	0.200	0.121	0.199	0.134	0.258	0.216	0.136
10	斯氏蹶鼠 Sicista strandi	0.209	0.077	0.159	0.165	0.128	0.213	0.137	0.172	0.182
11	草原蹶鼠 Sicista subtilis	0.229	0.148	0.188	0.197	0.135	0.222	0.075	0.188	0.206	0.120
12	匈牙利蹶鼠 Sicista trizona	0.229	0.157	0.178	0.211	0.148	0.217	0.046	0.189	0.210	0.131	0.069
13	天山蹶鼠 Sicista tianschanica	0.198	0.190	0.215	0.179	0.122	0.211	0.187	0.195	0.200	0.169	0.196	0.195

序号 No.	物种 Species	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12
1	亚美尼亚长尾蹶鼠 Sicista armenica
2	北方蹶鼠 Sicista betulina	0.202
3	高加索蹶鼠 Sicista caucasica	0.154	0.185
4	长尾蹶鼠 Sicista caudata	0.217	0.196	0.221
5	中国蹶鼠 Sicista concolor	0.161	0.144	0.145	0.153
6	陈塘样本Specimen of Chentang	0.279	0.231	0.247	0.255	0.164
7	南方蹶鼠 Sicista loriger	0.245	0.168	0.192	0.209	0.143	0.215
8	格鲁吉亚蹶鼠 Sicista kluchorica	0.160	0.186	0.092	0.204	0.144	0.240	0.198
9	捷河蹶鼠 Sicista kazbegica	0.124	0.200	0.121	0.199	0.134	0.258	0.216	0.136
10	斯氏蹶鼠 Sicista strandi	0.209	0.077	0.159	0.165	0.128	0.213	0.137	0.172	0.182
11	草原蹶鼠 Sicista subtilis	0.229	0.148	0.188	0.197	0.135	0.222	0.075	0.188	0.206	0.120
12	匈牙利蹶鼠 Sicista trizona	0.229	0.157	0.178	0.211	0.148	0.217	0.046	0.189	0.210	0.131	0.069
13	天山蹶鼠 Sicista tianschanica	0.198	0.190	0.215	0.179	0.122	0.211	0.187	0.195	0.200	0.169	0.196	0.195

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