哺乳期高温经历导致布氏田鼠F1代的热中性区变窄

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150779

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 哺乳期是影响小型哺乳动物发育的关键时期，但关于哺乳叠加高温对后代代谢可塑性的影响，尚不清楚。为研究哺乳期母体(F0)高温经历对后代(F1代和F2代)能量代谢特征的影响，我们测定了哺乳期母体经历高温(30 ±1) oC的布氏田鼠(Lasiopodomys brandtii) F1代和F2代成体以及常温(23 ±1) oC经历的后代成体(作为对照)的体重和体温，采用开放式呼吸代谢仪测定不同环境温度暴露3 h后的代谢率，并计算热传导和呼吸商。哺乳期高温经历的F1代动物在成年期的体重显著低于常温对照组和高温经历的F2代动物。在5~33.5 oC环境温度范围内，布氏田鼠维持稳定的体温；35 oC高温胁迫时，常温组、高温经历F1代和F2代的体温均显著下降。常温组布氏田鼠的热中性区为27.5~33.5 oC，高温经历F1代的热中性区下临界温度点30 oC，热中性区比常温组变窄(30~33.5 oC)，高温经历F2代的热中性区与常温组相比无变化。在热中性区温度以上，热传导随环境温度的升高而显著增加，高温经历的F1代和F2代布氏田鼠热传导增加的起始温度点升高。呼吸商随环境温度的升高明显增加，但不受哺乳期高温经历的影响。结果表明，哺乳期母体高温经历导致布氏田鼠F1代成年后的体重降低，热中性区变窄，提高了F1代动物在高温环境下的代谢可塑性，但这种影响并未持续到F2代。这些研究结果揭示了哺乳期母体高温(热浪)对小型哺乳动物后代体型和热中性区的长期影响，以及由此引起的对种群动态的潜在效应。

关键词: 布氏田鼠, 哺乳期高温, 静止代谢率, 热中性区, 热传导, 呼吸商, 跨代传递

Abstract: Lactation is a key period which may influence the development of small mammals. However, how a combination of lactation and high ambient temperature (Ta) exposure affects the metabolic plasticity of offspring remains unclear. In order to investigate the effects of high Ta (30 ± 1) oC experience of lactating mothers (F0) on the metabolic traits of their offspring (F1 and F2), we measured the body mass and body temperature (Tb) of F1 and F2 generations in adult Brandt’s voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii). The metabolic rate in response to different Ta exposure (for 3 hours) was measured via an open-flow respirometer, and the thermal conductance (C) and respiration quotient (RQ) were calculated. The adult body mass of F1 generation with high Ta experience during lactation was significantly lower than that of normal Ta (23 ± 1) oC group and the F2 generation with high Ta experience during lactation. The Tb of normal Ta group, and F1 and F2 generations remained stable in the Ta range from 5 oC to 33. 5 oC, but decreased significantly at 35 oC. The thermoneutral zone (TNZ) in the normal Ta group is 27. 5-33. 5 oC, but the lower critical temperature point of F1 generation is 30 oC and thus the TNZ is shifted to 30-33. 5 oC. The F2 generation’s TNZ did not differ from that of the normal Ta group. Above the TNZ, the C increased with the rise of Ta, and the initial temperature point, at which the C rose, increased in both F1 and F2 generations with high Ta experience during lactation. The RQ rose with the increase of Ta and it was not affected by high Ta experience during lactation. The results indicated that the high Ta experience in lactating mothers led to a reduction in adult body mass and a narrowed TNZ in the F1 generation, associated with high metabolic plasticity under high Ta exposure, but this effect did not transfer to F2 generation. These findings imply the longterm effects of maternal high Ta (heat wave) experience on the body mass and TNZ of adult offspring, and the consequent potential impacts on population dynamics in small mammals.

Key words: Brandt’s vole (Lasiopodomys brandtii), High temperature during lactation, Resting metabolic rate (RMR), Thermoneutral zone (TNZ), Thermal conductance (C), Respiration quotient (RQ), Cross-generational transfer

中图分类号:

Q494

李红娟, 王德华, 王振山, 张学英. 哺乳期高温经历导致布氏田鼠F1代的热中性区变窄[J]. 兽类学报, 2023, 43(4): 412-421.

LI Hongjuan, WANG Dehua, WANG Zhenshan, ZHANG Xueying. High temperature during lactation shortens the thermoneutral zone in the F1 generation of Brandt’s voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii)[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2023, 43(4): 412-421.

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