猫气味重复暴露对青春期布氏田鼠反捕食和焦虑样行为的影响

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150469

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 捕食者气味对猎物的行为和生理有重要的影响。本研究主要确定猫气味重复暴露对青春期布氏田鼠（Lasiopodomys brandtii）的反捕食行为、焦虑样行为和内分泌水平的影响，以探讨青春期布氏田鼠对猫气味的反应对策。研究结果表明，猫气味暴露1 d，青春期布氏田鼠隐藏行为显著增加，而移动行为、跳跃行为、修饰行为和接触行为均显著减少；随着暴露时间延长至18 d，其反捕食行为与对照组间无显著差异，青春期布氏田鼠对猫气味产生了行为适应。旷场实验结果表明，猫气味重复暴露后，青春期布氏田鼠在旷场中的移动总距离和总平均速度显著减少，但其在旷场中的静止时间显著增加。明暗箱实验结果表明，猫气味组雌性布氏田鼠进入明箱次数显著高于雄性个体，不同性别与处理之间的布氏田鼠在明箱中停留时间比例没有显著差异。长期猫气味重复暴露对青春期布氏田鼠血浆中促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）和皮质酮（CORT）浓度无显著影响。以上结果表明，初次猫气味暴露对青春期布氏田鼠的反捕食行为有显著的影响，随着暴露时间的延长，其影响程度逐渐降低，存在明显的适应性。

关键词: 布氏田鼠, 反捕食行为, 焦虑样行为, 捕食者气味, HPA轴

Abstract: The predator odor has an important effect on the behavior and physiology of the prey.This paper aimed to investigate the change of anti-predator, anxiety-like behaviors and endocrine level of juvenile Brandt's voles(Lasiopodomysbrandtii) after repeated exposure to cat odor for 18 days.We also discuss the response strategy of juvenile Brandt's voles affected by the cat odor.The results showed that juvenile Brandt's voles significantly increased concealing behavior and decreased the locomotion, jumping, grooming and contact behaviors after exposed to cat odor for one day.However, after repeated exposure to cat odor for 18 days, they developed a behavioral adaptation to the cat odor and their anti-predator behaviors were not significantly different to that of the control group.The open field test showed that the repeated exposure to cat odor significantly reduced the total distance moved and average velocity of juvenile Brandt's voles, while increased their immobility time.In the light-dark box test, female Brandt's vole in the cat-odor group visited more frequently the light area than the male, however, there was no significant difference in time in the light box between genders and treatments.There were no significant changes in plasma corticosterone(CORT) and adrenocorticotropic hormone(ACTH) concentrations for the juvenile Brandt's voles after repeated exposure to cat odor.These findings indicate that when juvenile Brandt's voles are initially exposed to cat odor, their anti-predator behaviors increased, but subsequently diminished over repeated exposures.On the other hand, their anxiety-like behaviors did not vary.

Key words: Brandt's voles, Anti-predator behavior, Anxiety-like behavior, Predator odor, HPA axis

中图分类号:

Q958.12

彭延, 吴涌珍, 顾晨, 杨生妹, 殷宝法, 魏万红. 猫气味重复暴露对青春期布氏田鼠反捕食和焦虑样行为的影响[J]. 兽类学报, 2021, 41(4): 451-458.

PENG Yan, WU Yongzhen, GU Chen, YANG Shengmei, YIN Baofa, WEI Wanhong. Effects of repeated exposure to cat odor on anti-predator and anxiety-like behaviors of juvenile Brandt's voles(Lasiopodomys brandtii)[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2021, 41(4): 451-458.

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