灯光强度对东亚伏翼觅食行为的影响研究

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.151045

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 灯光已经改变了大部分生态系统的夜间环境，威胁生物多样性及其生态系统服务。觅食行为是动物从外界环境获取营养与能量的基础。目前，有关灯光强度是否影响夜行性动物的觅食行为尚不明确。本研究选择东亚伏翼(Pipistrellus abramus)作为研究对象，探究灯光强度对食虫蝙蝠觅食行为的影响。我们以三座桥梁下方5 m处作为研究样点，监测每个样点的灯光强度、东亚伏翼通过次数和捕食蜂鸣数量。克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验表明，相比相对黑暗样点，东亚伏翼在弱光样点的通过次数变化不明显，但在强光样点的通过次数显著减少。相比相对黑暗样点，东亚伏翼在弱光样点的捕食蜂鸣数量呈现增加趋势。与弱光样点相比，东亚伏翼在强光样点的捕食蜂鸣数量显著下降。广义线性混合模型显示，灯光强度对东亚伏翼的通过次数和捕食蜂鸣数量具有显著负面影响。研究结果证实，强光能够干扰东亚伏翼的觅食行为，这为伴人种蝙蝠生境的光污染防控提供科学依据。

关键词: 灯光, 蝙蝠, 回声定位声波, 觅食行为, 光污染

Abstract: Artificial light has altered the nocturnal environments of most ecosystems, posing a threat to biodiversity and associated ecosystem services. Foraging behavior is essential for animals to obtain the nutrition and energy from the external environment. To date, it remains uncertain whether the intensity of artificial light affects the foraging behavior in nocturnal animals. Here, we used Japanese pipistrelle bats (Pipistrellus abramus) as a model for insectivorous bats to investigate the effects of artificial light intensity on their foraging behavior. We established three study sites situated 5 m below three different bridges. At each site, we monitored the intensity of artificial light and recorded the number of passes and feeding buzzes in P. abramus. The Kruskal-Wallis test showed no significant difference in the number of P. abramus passes between the relatively dark site and the site with low light intensity. However, a remarkable reduction in the number of P. abramus passes was observed at the site with high light intensity when compared to the relatively dark site. There was an increasing tendency in the number of feeding buzzes emitted by P. abramus at the site with low light intensity relative to the relatively dark site. The number of feeding buzzes in P. abramus was significantly diminished at the site with high light intensity relative to the site with low light intensity. Generalized linear mixed models indicated that the intensity of artificial light negatively influenced the number of passes and feeding buzzes in P. abramus. These results demonstrate that high levels of artificial illumination can disturb the foraging behavior of P. abramus. Our findings provide a scientific basis for the regulation of light pollution in habitats utilized by synanthropic bats.

Key words: Artificial light, Bat, Echolocation call, Foraging behavior, Light pollution

中图分类号:

Q958.1

蒋昀珂, 虞红莉, 王静, 朱奕丞, Tahir Abbas, 何孟周冉, 张焓榆, 刘汶沁, 邓迎春, 罗波. 灯光强度对东亚伏翼觅食行为的影响研究[J]. 兽类学报, 2025, 45(2): 185-192.

JIANG Yunke, YU Hongli, WANG Jing, ZHU Yicheng, TAHIR Abbas, HE Mengzhouran, ZHANG Hanyu, LIU Wenqin, DENG Yingchun, LUO Bo. A study on the effects of artificial light intensity on the foraging behavior in Japanese pipistrelle bats (Pipistrellus abramus)[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2025, 45(2): 185-192.

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