关键词: 普氏野马, 地理分布, 地质历史, 气候, 东亚季风

Abstract: The distribution of the modern Equus przewalskii is confined to northern Xinjiang of China and the Kobdo Basin of Mongolia. It is on the brink of extinction. According to the analysis of its ecological environment, modern E. przewalskii is highly adapted to a dry and cold climate prevalent in winter monsoon's current regions. During the summer monsoon's powerful stage in 10-0 ka B. P., no E. przewalskii ever appeared in central and eastern China. On the other hand, during the winter monsoon's powerful stage in 20-10 ka B. P., E. przewalskii spreadwidely in central and eastern China. These f acts indicate that the historical distribution of E. przewalskii is closely related to the temporal and spatial variation of the East-Asian monsoon system.

Key words: Equus przewalskii, Geographical distribution, Geological history, Climate, East-Asian monsoon