中国兽类遗传与进化研究进展与展望

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150538

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 中国兽类物种丰富，且具有150个特有种。本文综述了60年来中国兽类遗传与进化的研究进展，内容涵盖系统发育关系重建、遗传多样性评估、种群遗传结构、适应性进化以及趋同进化的分子机制。本文重点概述了食肉目（大、小熊猫）、有蹄类、翼手目、灵长目、小型兽类以及海兽类等重要类群的研究进展，为中国兽类的物种保护提供了重要资料。另外，本文还对中国兽类遗传与进化研究未来的研究方向提出几点建议，包括运用各种组学技术、筛选新型遗传标记和候选基因（调控序列）、结合表观遗传学并借助进化发育生物学研究方法，以期全面深入地理解中国兽类分类地位、起源以及特异表型产生和独特适应的发育遗传学机制等，进而实现“天人合一”保护生物学的新理念和新愿景。

关键词: 中国兽类, 遗传, 进化, 多样性, 进展

Abstract: China has a rich resource of mammals, about 150 of which are endemic species. This review summarizes research on the evolutionary genetics of mammals in China for the past 60 years, including phylogenetic reconstruction, genetic diversity, population structure, adaptive evolution, and molecular mechanisms of convergent evolution. We especially focus on the significant research achievements in some key taxa such as Carnivora (giant panda and red panda), Ungulate, Chiroptera, Primates, small mammals, and marine mammals, providing useful information for the conservation of Chinese mammals. We also propose several suggestions for future studies on the evolution of Chinese mammals, including utilizing multi-omics technologies, screening new genetic markers and candidate genes or regulatory elements, integrating methods of epigenetics and evolutionary developmental biology. This review aims to help understand the taxonomy, origin, as well as the developmental and genetic mechanisms in specific phenotypes and unique adaptations of Chinese mammals, further realizing the new vision and conceptual framework of ‘Unity of Nature and Man’ in conservation biology.

Key words: Chinese mammals, Genetics, Evolution, Diversity, Research advances

中图分类号:

Q346

杨光, 田然, 徐士霞. 中国兽类遗传与进化研究进展与展望[J]. 兽类学报, 2021, 41(5): 591-603.

YANG Guang, TIAN Ran, XU Shixia. Research advances and perspectives in the genetics and evolution of mammals in China[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2021, 41(5): 591-603.

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