ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 95-104.DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150980
• ORIGINAL PAPERS • Previous Articles Next Articles
Da LI1, Xiongwei YANG2, Zhenjiang DAI3, Haijun SU4(
), Wenwu FENG5
Received:2024-07-17
Accepted:2025-03-03
Online:2026-01-30
Published:2026-02-03
Contact:
Haijun SU
通讯作者:
粟海军
作者简介:李达(1989- ),男,硕士,高级兽医师,主要从事野生动物保护及疫病防控工作.
基金资助:CLC Number:
Da LI, Xiongwei YANG, Zhenjiang DAI, Haijun SU, Wenwu FENG. Feeding characteristics of captive giant pandas on different bamboo species in Guizhou Province[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2026, 46(1): 95-104.
李达, 杨雄威, 代振江, 粟海军, 冯文武. 圈养大熊猫对贵州省不同竹类的采食特征[J]. 兽类学报, 2026, 46(1): 95-104.
| 属名Genus | 竹种 Bamboo species | 属名 Genus | 竹种 Bamboo species | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) 刚竹属 Phyllostachys | 1.罗汉竹 Phyllostachys aurea | (8) 方竹属 Chimonobam-busa | 29.狭叶方竹 Chimonobambusa angustifolia | |
| 2.毛环水竹 Phyllostachys aurita | 30.合江方竹 Chimonobambusa hejiangensis | |||
| 3.桂竹 Phyllostachys bambusoides | 31.毛环方竹 Chimonobambusa hirtinoda | |||
| 4.斑竹 Phyllostachys bambusoides f.lacrimadeae | 32.雷山方竹 Chimonobambusa leishanensis | |||
| 5.毛竹 Phyllostachys edulis | 33.刺竹 Chimonobambusa pachystachys | |||
| 6.淡竹 Phyllostachys glauca | 34.金佛山方竹 Chimonobambusa utilis | |||
| 7.水竹 Phyllostachys heteroclada | (9) 牡竹属 Dendrocalamus | 35.梁山慈 Dendrocalamus farinosus | ||
| 8.毛环竹 Phyllostachys meyeri | 36.麻竹 Dendrocalamus latiflorus | |||
| 9.紫竹 Phyllostachys nigra | 37.荔波吊竹 Dendrocalamus liboensis | |||
| 10.毛金竹 Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis | 38.吊丝竹 Dendrocalamus mino | |||
| 11.早园竹 Phyllostachys propinqua | 39.黔竹 Dendrocalamus tsiangii | |||
| 12.贵州刚竹 Phyllostachys guizhouensis | (10) 镰序竹属 Drepanosta-chyum | 40.钓竹 Drepanostachyum breviligulatum | ||
| 13.刚竹 Phyllostachys sulphurea var.viridis | 41.多毛镰序竹 Drepanostachyum hirsutissimum | |||
(2) 箬竹属 Indocalamus | 14.赤水箬竹 Indocalamus chishuiensis | 42.小蓬竹 Drepanostachyum ludianense | ||
| 15.广东箬竹 Indocalamus guangdongensis | 43.爬竹 Drepanostachyum scandeus | |||
| 16.多毛箬竹 Indocalamus hirsutissimus | (11) 箣竹属 Bambusa | 44.孝顺竹 Bambusa multiplex | ||
| 17.光叶箬竹Indocalamus hirsutissimus var. glabrifolius | 45.硬头黄 Bambusa rigida | |||
| 18.湖南箬竹 Indocalamus hunanensis | 46.车筒竹 Bambusa sinospinosa | |||
| 19.阔叶箬竹 Indocalamus latifolius | 47.青秆竹 Bambusa tuldoides | |||
| 20.箬叶竹 Indocalamus longiauritus | (12) 苦竹属 Pleioblastus | 48.苦竹 Pleioblastus amarus | ||
| 21.方脉箬竹 Indocalamus quadratus | 49.斑苦竹 Pleioblastus maculatus | |||
(3) 箭竹属 Fargesia | 22.笼笼竹 Fargesia conferta | (13) 大节竹属 Indosasa | 50.荔波大节竹 Indosasa lipoensis | |
| 23.棉花竹 Fargesia fungosa | 51.中华大节竹 Indosasa cinica | |||
(4) 筇竹属 Qiongzhuea | 24.平竹 Qiongzhuea communis | (14) 单竹属 Lingnania | 52.桂单竹 Lingnania funghomii | |
| 25.光竹 Qiongzhuea luzhiensis | 53.绵竹 Lingnania intermedia | |||
| (5)巴山木竹属 Bashania | 26.冷箭竹 Bashania faberi | (15) 悬竹属 Ampelocalamus | 54.贵州悬竹 Ampelocalamus calcareous | |
(6) 慈竹属 Neosinocalamus | 27.慈竹 Neosinocalamus affinis | (16) 单枝竹属 Bonia | 55.单枝竹 Bonia saxatilis | |
(7) 赤竹属 Sasa | 28.赤竹 Sasa longiligulata | (17) 唐竹属 Sinobambusa | 56.独山唐竹 Sinobambusa dushanensis |
Table 1 List of 56 species of native bamboo in Guizhou provided as food for captive giant pandas
| 属名Genus | 竹种 Bamboo species | 属名 Genus | 竹种 Bamboo species | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(1) 刚竹属 Phyllostachys | 1.罗汉竹 Phyllostachys aurea | (8) 方竹属 Chimonobam-busa | 29.狭叶方竹 Chimonobambusa angustifolia | |
| 2.毛环水竹 Phyllostachys aurita | 30.合江方竹 Chimonobambusa hejiangensis | |||
| 3.桂竹 Phyllostachys bambusoides | 31.毛环方竹 Chimonobambusa hirtinoda | |||
| 4.斑竹 Phyllostachys bambusoides f.lacrimadeae | 32.雷山方竹 Chimonobambusa leishanensis | |||
| 5.毛竹 Phyllostachys edulis | 33.刺竹 Chimonobambusa pachystachys | |||
| 6.淡竹 Phyllostachys glauca | 34.金佛山方竹 Chimonobambusa utilis | |||
| 7.水竹 Phyllostachys heteroclada | (9) 牡竹属 Dendrocalamus | 35.梁山慈 Dendrocalamus farinosus | ||
| 8.毛环竹 Phyllostachys meyeri | 36.麻竹 Dendrocalamus latiflorus | |||
| 9.紫竹 Phyllostachys nigra | 37.荔波吊竹 Dendrocalamus liboensis | |||
| 10.毛金竹 Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis | 38.吊丝竹 Dendrocalamus mino | |||
| 11.早园竹 Phyllostachys propinqua | 39.黔竹 Dendrocalamus tsiangii | |||
| 12.贵州刚竹 Phyllostachys guizhouensis | (10) 镰序竹属 Drepanosta-chyum | 40.钓竹 Drepanostachyum breviligulatum | ||
| 13.刚竹 Phyllostachys sulphurea var.viridis | 41.多毛镰序竹 Drepanostachyum hirsutissimum | |||
(2) 箬竹属 Indocalamus | 14.赤水箬竹 Indocalamus chishuiensis | 42.小蓬竹 Drepanostachyum ludianense | ||
| 15.广东箬竹 Indocalamus guangdongensis | 43.爬竹 Drepanostachyum scandeus | |||
| 16.多毛箬竹 Indocalamus hirsutissimus | (11) 箣竹属 Bambusa | 44.孝顺竹 Bambusa multiplex | ||
| 17.光叶箬竹Indocalamus hirsutissimus var. glabrifolius | 45.硬头黄 Bambusa rigida | |||
| 18.湖南箬竹 Indocalamus hunanensis | 46.车筒竹 Bambusa sinospinosa | |||
| 19.阔叶箬竹 Indocalamus latifolius | 47.青秆竹 Bambusa tuldoides | |||
| 20.箬叶竹 Indocalamus longiauritus | (12) 苦竹属 Pleioblastus | 48.苦竹 Pleioblastus amarus | ||
| 21.方脉箬竹 Indocalamus quadratus | 49.斑苦竹 Pleioblastus maculatus | |||
(3) 箭竹属 Fargesia | 22.笼笼竹 Fargesia conferta | (13) 大节竹属 Indosasa | 50.荔波大节竹 Indosasa lipoensis | |
| 23.棉花竹 Fargesia fungosa | 51.中华大节竹 Indosasa cinica | |||
(4) 筇竹属 Qiongzhuea | 24.平竹 Qiongzhuea communis | (14) 单竹属 Lingnania | 52.桂单竹 Lingnania funghomii | |
| 25.光竹 Qiongzhuea luzhiensis | 53.绵竹 Lingnania intermedia | |||
| (5)巴山木竹属 Bashania | 26.冷箭竹 Bashania faberi | (15) 悬竹属 Ampelocalamus | 54.贵州悬竹 Ampelocalamus calcareous | |
(6) 慈竹属 Neosinocalamus | 27.慈竹 Neosinocalamus affinis | (16) 单枝竹属 Bonia | 55.单枝竹 Bonia saxatilis | |
(7) 赤竹属 Sasa | 28.赤竹 Sasa longiligulata | (17) 唐竹属 Sinobambusa | 56.独山唐竹 Sinobambusa dushanensis |
竹种 Bamboo species | 取食竹叶和茎的时间比例 Proportion of time spent consuming bamboo leaves and stems/% | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 竹叶 Bamboo leaf | 竹茎 Bamboo stem | |||
| 海浜Haibang | 星宝Xingbao | 海浜Haibang | 星宝Xingbao | |
| 阔叶箬竹Indocalamus latifolius | 95.3 | 94.1 | 4.7 | 5.9 |
| 苦竹 Pleioblastus amarus | 66.6 | 62.3 | 33.4** | 37.7** |
| 单枝竹 Bonia saxatilis | 92.6 | 93.2 | 7.4 | 6.8 |
| 冷箭竹Bashania faberi | 95.8 | 96.7 | 4.2 | 3.3 |
| 刺竹 Chimonobambusa pachystachys | 99.4 | 98.9 | 0.6 | 1.1 |
| 金佛山方竹 Chimonobambusa utilis | 88.4 | 82.6 | 11.6 | 17.4 |
| 贵州悬竹Ampelocalamus calcareous | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| 毛金竹Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis | 92.6 | 92.4 | 7.4 | 7.6 |
Table 2 Proportion of time spent feeding on different parts of bamboo by giant pandas
竹种 Bamboo species | 取食竹叶和茎的时间比例 Proportion of time spent consuming bamboo leaves and stems/% | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 竹叶 Bamboo leaf | 竹茎 Bamboo stem | |||
| 海浜Haibang | 星宝Xingbao | 海浜Haibang | 星宝Xingbao | |
| 阔叶箬竹Indocalamus latifolius | 95.3 | 94.1 | 4.7 | 5.9 |
| 苦竹 Pleioblastus amarus | 66.6 | 62.3 | 33.4** | 37.7** |
| 单枝竹 Bonia saxatilis | 92.6 | 93.2 | 7.4 | 6.8 |
| 冷箭竹Bashania faberi | 95.8 | 96.7 | 4.2 | 3.3 |
| 刺竹 Chimonobambusa pachystachys | 99.4 | 98.9 | 0.6 | 1.1 |
| 金佛山方竹 Chimonobambusa utilis | 88.4 | 82.6 | 11.6 | 17.4 |
| 贵州悬竹Ampelocalamus calcareous | 100 | 100 | 0 | 0 |
| 毛金竹Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis | 92.6 | 92.4 | 7.4 | 7.6 |
竹种 Bamboo species | 单片竹叶质量和面积参数(mean ± SE) Single bamboo leaf weight and area parameters | 归类平均值(mean ± SE) Average value of classification | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 质量Weight/g | 面积Area/cm2 | 质量Weight/g | 面积Area/cm2 | |
| 阔叶箬竹Indocalamus latifolius | 0.98 ± 0.13 | 93.25 ± 10.98 | 0.81 ± 0.12** | 79.80 ± 11.23** |
| 苦竹 Pleioblastus amarus | 0.64 ± 0.11 | 66.35 ± 11.47 | ||
| 单枝竹 Bonia saxatilis | 0.38 ± 0.06 | 33.49 ± 6.28 | 0.35 ± 0.05* | 36.89 ± 5.57* |
| 冷箭竹Bashania faberi | 0.32 ± 0.09 | 42.31 ± 8.94 | ||
| 刺竹 Chimonobambusa pachystachys | 0.34 ± 0.03 | 40.32 ± 3.80 | ||
| 金佛山方竹 Chimonobambusa utilis | 0.37 ± 0.01 | 31.43 ± 3.24 | ||
| 贵州悬竹Ampelocalamus calcareous | 0.21 ± 0.03 | 26.60 ± 1.85 | 0.20 ± 0.02* | 23.93 ± 1.60* |
| 毛金竹Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis | 0.19 ± 0.02 | 21.25 ± 1.34 | ||
| 斑竹 Phyllostachys bambusoides f.lacrimadeae | 0.15 ± 0.02 | 14.89 ± 2.34 | 0.13 ± 0.38 | 13.01 ± 1.71 |
| 紫竹 Phyllostachys nigra | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 8.65 ± 1.03 | ||
| 毛竹 Phyllostachys edulis | 0.16 ± 0.02 | 15.49 ± 1.49 | ||
Table 3 Parameters of single leaf weight and leaf area of experimental bamboo species
竹种 Bamboo species | 单片竹叶质量和面积参数(mean ± SE) Single bamboo leaf weight and area parameters | 归类平均值(mean ± SE) Average value of classification | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 质量Weight/g | 面积Area/cm2 | 质量Weight/g | 面积Area/cm2 | |
| 阔叶箬竹Indocalamus latifolius | 0.98 ± 0.13 | 93.25 ± 10.98 | 0.81 ± 0.12** | 79.80 ± 11.23** |
| 苦竹 Pleioblastus amarus | 0.64 ± 0.11 | 66.35 ± 11.47 | ||
| 单枝竹 Bonia saxatilis | 0.38 ± 0.06 | 33.49 ± 6.28 | 0.35 ± 0.05* | 36.89 ± 5.57* |
| 冷箭竹Bashania faberi | 0.32 ± 0.09 | 42.31 ± 8.94 | ||
| 刺竹 Chimonobambusa pachystachys | 0.34 ± 0.03 | 40.32 ± 3.80 | ||
| 金佛山方竹 Chimonobambusa utilis | 0.37 ± 0.01 | 31.43 ± 3.24 | ||
| 贵州悬竹Ampelocalamus calcareous | 0.21 ± 0.03 | 26.60 ± 1.85 | 0.20 ± 0.02* | 23.93 ± 1.60* |
| 毛金竹Phyllostachys nigra var. henonis | 0.19 ± 0.02 | 21.25 ± 1.34 | ||
| 斑竹 Phyllostachys bambusoides f.lacrimadeae | 0.15 ± 0.02 | 14.89 ± 2.34 | 0.13 ± 0.38 | 13.01 ± 1.71 |
| 紫竹 Phyllostachys nigra | 0.07 ± 0.01 | 8.65 ± 1.03 | ||
| 毛竹 Phyllostachys edulis | 0.16 ± 0.02 | 15.49 ± 1.49 | ||
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