Abstract: White-lipped deer (Cervus albirostris)is endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,however,little is known about its habitat selection. We conducted surveys on summer habitat selection by white-lipped deer with the trace method and direct observation method between June and August in 2009 and between July and August in 2011 in the Chaqingsongduo White-lipped Deer National Nature Reserve. Eight ecological factors were measured in 195 quadrats in two main whitelipped deer ranges in the reserve: Ruodanggou and Maronggou. These ecological factors were vegetation type,altitude, slope position,slope gradient,slope direction,distance to water resource,sheltering condition and distance to human disturbances. Then we analyzed summer habitat characteristics of white-lipped deer with Vanderloeg and Scavia Election Index, and Principle Component Analyses (PCA)were used to identify the principle component in habitat selection by white lipped deer. The results showed that white-lipped deer preferred alpine steppe located on upper slopes of high altitude and habitat at a distance over 500 m to water resource. They also preferred sunny slope or shady slope habitat,but white-lipped deer avoided using rocky habitat,lower slope habitat,habitat where slope grade was over 60 degrees and half shady slope habitat. Statistical analyses showed that except for shelter condition and distance to human disturbance,the other 6 ecological factors had clear impacts on summer habitat selection by white-lipped deer. PCA indicated that the total contribution of
the first three principle components reached about 68.8%. Among them,contribution of first principle component was 39.76%, which mainly positively correlated with slope direction,slope and elevation;contribution of the second principle component was 16.32% which was mainly positively correlated with shelter condition and vegetation type;and the contribution of third principle component was 12.71% which was correlated with slope facing.

Key words: words:Chaqingsongduo National Nature Reserve, Habitat selection, Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, White-lipped deer

摘要： 白唇鹿是青藏高原特有鹿种,人们对其生境选择与利用知之甚少。2009 年6 -8 月和2011 年7 - 8 月,用痕迹检验法和直接观察法研究了察青松多白唇鹿国家级自然保护区内白唇鹿的夏季生境选择。在保护区内若当沟和麻绒沟两个白唇鹿集中分布区域测定了195 个样方中的植被类型、海拔高度、坡位、坡度、坡向、离水源距离、隐蔽度和人类活动干扰8 个生态因子。用Vanderloeg 和Scavia 选择指数和主成分分析法分析了白唇鹿夏季生境选择的影响因子。结果表明:白唇鹿夏季倾向于选择海拔4 000 m 以上中上坡位的高山草甸生境和离水源距离500 m 以外的阳坡或阴坡生境;而回避坡度大于60 度、裸岩生境、下坡位生境和半阴坡生境。除隐蔽条件和人类活动干扰外,其余6 个生态因子均对白唇鹿夏季生境选择有明显的影响。生态因子主成分分析表明前3 个主成分的贡献量为68. 8% ,其中:第1 主成分的贡献率为39.76% ,该主成分与坡位、坡度和海拔的相关系数绝对值较大;第二主成分的贡献率为16.32% ,与其相关系数绝对值较高的是隐蔽条件与植被类型;第三主成分的贡献率为12. 71% ,与其相关系数绝对值较高的是坡向。