Abstract: We recorded on video a band of Rhinopithecus bieti while crossing a gully and drinking at a water hole in a montane forest near Tacheng in Yunnan,China. This footage allowed us to analyze the size and composition as well as the spatial
distribution of individuals in the band. We used time intervals between successively passing individuals to reveal social clusters. The R. bieti band at Tacheng consisted of 366 animals which is the largest grouping of this species ever known. There was a skewed sex ratio in favor of females. The band was divided into 26 units:19 one-male units (OMUs), 5 multi-male units (MMUs), and 2 all-male units (AMUs). The mean interindividual time intervals within units were significantly shorter than between units. More than 2/3 of the subadult males in the band travelled with the AMU. AMUs were peripheral and formed either the rear or front units while moving terrestrially. The demographic results of the Tacheng band are largely in accord with those of the Wuyapiya band,with the social system of R.bieti being multilayered where single OMUs and AMUs form a very large band. The fact that most subadult males were in AMUs makes male dispersal from natal OMUs likely.

Key words: All-male unit, Band movement, Multi-male unit, One-male unit, Rhinopithecus bieti, Social organization, Spatial distribution

摘要： 在云南塔城附近的山地森林中,我们利用摄象机记录了一群滇金丝猴通过山谷和在水源地饮水的过程。我们利用这些记录分析这群滇金丝猴的种群大小、组成成员以及个体的空间分布,并利用连续通过个体之间的时间间隔来揭示社会结构。塔城滇金丝猴群由366个个体组成,是目前所知最大的滇金丝猴群体。猴群内雌性个体较多。猴群可以分为26个单位,其中有19个单雄多雌单位、5个多雄多雌单位和2个全雄单位。统计结果表明单位内个体间的时间间隔显著比单位间的短。2/3 以上的亚成年雄性个体和全雄单位一起活动。猴群在地面活动时全雄单位位于猴群的外围,充当前卫和后卫。塔城猴群的生命表组成结构与吾牙普亚猴群的大致一样,同样是多层社会结构,单雄多雌和全雄单位构成猴群的主体。亚成年雄性多数与全雄单位一起活动,表明雄性可能会从其出生的单雄多雌单位中迁移出来。

关键词: 滇金丝猴, 社会结构, 空间分布, 群体移动, 一雄单位, 全雄单位, 多雄单位