Abstract: The paper compared the changes of fos-expression between Norway rats（Rattus norregicus）bred in laboratory and Wistar rats after they were exposed to cat urine odor for 0d, 1d, 3d, 6d, 9d and 18d by using immunohistochemistry, and investigated the influence of the living environment on the anti-predator strategy of Norway rats. The average optical densities of fos in Norway rats exposed to cat odor for different numbers of days in four brain regions（AHP, VMHC, MeAD and BLA）were significantly higher than those of the control group and there were no gender difference. Compared with the control group, the average optical density of fos in hypothalamus（AHP, VMHC）and amygdala （BLA） of Wistar rats exposed to cat odor significantly increased at 1d, 3d, 6d and 9d  but not at 18d. The average optical densities of fos in AHP and MeAD were significantly different between males and females, but they were not different in VMHC and BLA for Wistar rats. During exposure to cat odor, the relative change rate of the average optical densities of fos（AHP, VMHC, MeAD, BLA）in Norway rats and Wistar rats also were different. This indicates that the living environment and exposure time can affect the response of Norway rats to predator odor.

Key words: Adaptation, Cat’s urine odor, c-fos, Rattus norvegicus

摘要： 在室内条件下以室内繁殖褐家鼠（Rattus norregicus）和Wistar大鼠为研究对象，采用免疫组织化学技术研究其分别暴露于猫尿液气味0d、1d、3d、6d、9d、18d后的FOS蛋白表达量的变化，探讨生活环境对褐家鼠反捕食对策的影响。研究结果表明，猫尿液气味暴露后室内繁殖褐家鼠下丘脑前区后部（AHP）、下丘脑腹内侧中央部分（VMHC）、杏仁核内侧核蚁背区（MeAD）、基底外侧杏仁核前部（BLA）区域内的FOS阳性细胞平均光密度与对照相比均显著增加，而在性别间无明显的差异。Wistar大鼠在猫尿液气味暴露1d、3d、6d、9d后，其下丘脑（AHP、VMHC）和杏仁核（BLA）中FOS阳性细胞的平均光密度显著高于对照组，而暴露18d后的FOS阳性细胞的平均光密度又恢复到对照水平；Wistar大鼠在AHP和MeAD区域中FOS阳性细胞的平均光密度有显著差异，而在VMHC和BLA区域中FOS阳性细胞的平均光密度无性别间差异。持续暴露猫尿液气味后两种类型褐家鼠在AHP、VMHC、MeAD、BLA区域中FOS阳性细胞的平均光密度的相对变化率也存在显著差异。以上结果表明生活环境的变化能够影响褐家鼠对捕食者气味的反应对策。

关键词:
褐家鼠, 猫尿液气味, 适应, c-fos