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高原鼢鼠线粒体谱系地理学和遗传多样性

蔡振媛, 张同作, 慈海鑫, 唐利洲, 连新明, 刘建全, 苏建平   

  1. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所,中国科学院高原生物适应与进化重点实验室,西宁
  • 出版日期:2007-05-30 发布日期:2008-07-07

Mitochondrial phylogeography and genetic diversity of plateau zokor(Myospalax baileyi)

CAI Zhenyuan,ZHANG Tongzuo,CI Haixin,TANG Lizhou,LIAN Xinming, LIU Jianquan,SU Jianping   

  • Online:2007-05-30 Published:2008-07-07

摘要: 高原鼢鼠是一类地下独居啮齿动物,为青藏高原特有种之一。为研究该物种的谱系地理学和遗传多样性,本文测定了采自青藏高原东部3个地理种群8个小种群共37个个体的线粒体D-loop 区序列变异。在长度为627 bp的序列中,共发现50个变异位点,定义了26种单倍型。该物种的单倍型多样性(Haplotype diversity,H )较高和核苷酸多样性(Nucleotide diversity,πn )较低。谱系分析得到3 个稳定的分支,分别与采集的地理种群相吻合:同一地理种群内单倍型之间遗传差异小,而不同地理来源的单倍型之间存在较大区别。距离隔离分析表明高原鼢鼠的遗传分化与地理距离呈正相关。AMOVA 分析同样表明地理种群之间存在显著差异:地理种群间变异占遗传变异的80.45%。高原鼢鼠的这种遗传结构特点可能主要是由于第四纪气候变迁、该物种稳定的地下生活环境和有限的迁移能力造成的。

关键词: 高原鼢鼠, 线粒体控制区, 距离隔离, 遗传多样性, 遗传结构

Abstract: The subterranean plateau zokor (Myospalax baileyi) is endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. It remains unknown how the subterranean living affects its genetic structure and geographical distribution. In this paper,the mitochondrial D-loop region was sequenced for 37 individuals of eight small populations from three regions of the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Among the aligned sequences of 627 bp,50 variable nucleotide sites among all individuals recovered 26 haplotypes,most of which were locally distributed. Haplotype diversity (H)was high and nucleotide diversity (πn )was low.Phylogenetic analyses suggested that the sampled individuals clustered into three clades:Huangyuan (HY)-Datong (DT), Hualong (HL) in eastern Qinghai Province and southern Gansu Province (GS), corresponding well their geographical distributions. Mantel test and regression analyses further confirmed that genetic differentiation is positively correlated with the geographic distance. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) similarly recovered the distinct differentiation between geographical populations:more than 80% of the total variation occurred between them. The unique genetic structure of this species was probably shaped together by the Quaternary climatic oscillation,the limited dispersal as well as the stable habitats of the subterranean living.

Key words: Genetic diversity, Isolation-by-distance, Mitochondria control region, Plateau zokor (Myospalax baileyi), Population structure