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香鼬的活动节律和巢区

魏万红, 周文扬, 樊乃昌,Dean .E.Biggins   

  1. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所
  • 出版日期:2006-07-25 发布日期:2008-07-07

ACTIVITY RHYTHM AND HOME RANGE OF ALPINE WEASEL

WEI Wanhong, ZHOU Wenyang, FAN Naichang   

  • Online:2006-07-25 Published:2008-07-07

摘要: 本文采用无线电遥测技术对嬲息在自然环境巾香(Muslela allaica)的活动节律及其巢区进行了较为系统的研究。结果表明.香鼬多营独居生活,除繁殖期外。无论雌雄个体均无长期稳定的巢穴,经常更换辑动的位置.香鼬的每目活动主要为玩耍、自身的修饰、光浴、探视和取食-在繁殖期还有育幼及对幼鼬的保护. 在不同时期香鼬目活动高峰和巢区大小均有不同。幼鼬出洞活动前,其亲体雌性成鼬衍动呈现两十明显的高峰,11:00~13 :00和l6:00~17 :0O,雄性成鼬则只有一个活动高峰在1l:O0左右;在这一时期.成休香鼬的地面括动高峰与其食物——高原鼠兔的地面活动高峰不相吻合.雌性成鼬的巢区面积为7.21 ha,雄性成鼬的巢医面积为11.7 ha。幼鼬出洞活动后。雌性成鼢姆活动高峰为8:00~9:00,和17:OO~19:O0,巢区面积平均为82.72 ha。 幼鼬扩散期间,雌性成鼬的活动高峰期分为为8:O0~9:O0和15:00~20:00。在过两个时期。成体香鼬的地面括动高峰与高原鼠兔的地面活动高峰趋于一致。影响香鼬活动和巢区大小的主要田素是食物的丰富度、猎物的活动性和繁殖行为-同时种群密度也是主要因素之一。

关键词: 香鼬, 活动节律, 巢区

Abstract: The activity rhythms and home ranges of alpine weasels were studied by telemetric tecbnlqus in 1990 at YUER mountain near Ha bei Research Station of Alpine Meadow Ecosystem.The main aetlvides of alpine weasels were as follows:play,self groom,sunbath,explore,feed ,and care of young during the breeding period.In June。the young did not come out of the dens,the daily activitypeaks of adultfemales were 11:00~ 13:00 hrs and 16:00~ 17:00 hrs,of adult males were 11.7 ha。In July。the young moved on the ground。the activity peaks of adult females were 8:00~ 9:00 brs and 17:00~19:00 bts,the home range size of adult.femaleswas 82.72ha. The activity peaks of adult females changed into 8:00~9:00hrs and 15:00~ 20:00 hrs in August when the young dispersed.The factors mfluencing their activity and home range size were food abundance,prey activity, breeding behaviour and population density.

Key words: Alpine weasel(musiela allaica), Activity rhythm Home range