关键词: 东北虎, 非笼养, 雌雄, 时间分配, 活动节律

Abstract: Data were collected from April 1998 to April 2001 in Heilongjiang Amur Tiger Park with an enclosed Habitat of 144 hm² on the behavioral differences of male and female Amur tigers. Time budget and activity rhythm of 10 individuals (5 males and 5 females) were studied by the use of random, targeting and scanning sampling methods. There were certain difference between male and female Amur tigers in time budget and activity rhythm. As to the time budget, female individuals spent more time in resting, social behavior and other behavior than males. Females spent less time in moving and eating than males. However, standing behavior of male and female Amur tigers was quite similar. By one-way ANOVA of various behavior of male and female individuals, there were highly significant differences in resting, moving, and other behavior. Eating behavior had significant difference between males and females. However, standing and social behavior had no significant differences between them. For the activity rhythm, the significant differences occurred only between onset and duration of peak periods and behavioral intensity. Seasonal variation significance was also analyzed with one-way ANOVA. Our results showed there were highly significant differences in eating and social behavior.Resting, moving, and standing were influenced by seasonal variation significantly.

Key words: Amur tiger ( Panthera tigris altaica), Enclosed habitat, Male and female, Time budget, Activity rhythm