A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON EFFECTS OF ACUTE HYPOXIA UPON LIVERS OF THREE SMALL MAMMALS
LI Qingfen, CHEN, Xiaoguang, YOU Zhibing, DU Jizeng
1987, 7(1):
51-57.
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As in our previous studies, the experiments have been acutely performed by simulated altitudes, 5000m and 8000m, in a well-ventilated hypo-baric pressure chamber for 24 h. The adults of mice, guinea-pigs and native Ochotona daurica at Qinghai plateau were used in the present study.After exposed to hypoxia animals were decapitated, blood samples were collected for measurement of serum GPT and GOT, and livers were immediately removed for weighing of liver weight, measuring of glucogen, total lipid and protein of livers and hepatic lysosomal enzymes, such as acid phosphatase and aryl sulfatase in homogenations and supernatants of hepatic tissues prepared by a modified method according to our previous studies (Jizeng DU, et al, 1982).In the levels of glycogen as energy substance, the amounts of either mg/g liver or mg/whole liver were significantly declined with elevation of altitude, the contents of mg/g liver at exposing of 5000m were 93.62 and 26%, and 26, 35 and 9 % at 8000m of altitude versu the levels at 2300m respectively in turn in mice, O.daurica and guinea-pigs(Tablel-3). Hepatic glycogen levels dropped seriously with increasing elevation of altitude. This suggested that tolerance of livers of rodents to hypocia depended on maintaining capability of glycogen metabolism equilibrium and from the viewpoint the score of tolerance would be in turn mice>O.daurica> guinea-pigs.As deposited hepatic total lipid was not easier to be mobilized than glycogen when animals suffered from acute hypoxia, so that accumulation of fats occured.Lipid contents in livers of mice,O.daurica and guinea-pigs in turn were 111%, 140% and 229% vs those at 2300m respectively. The phenomena were well in consistency with observation of morphological studies(fatty metamorphosis). This suggested fatty metabolism was inhibited and damage of liver was induced during hypoxia.Injuries in guineapigs were much serious than were in O.daurica and mice.protein levels(mg/g liver) in animals increased except for in guinea-pigs, whereas they declined in calculating by mg/whole liver. The ex-plainations for this might be due to release of lysosomal enzymes which resulted in cytolysis and balloning of cells, or decline of protein synthesis or increase of decomposition, and/or those together.Activity of lysosomal enzymes, acid phosphatase and aryl sulfatase, and SGPT, SGOT was activated with rising up of altitude. The most obvious changes took place at 8000m of elevation, and damages of liver became more serious in guinea-pigs than in mice, while O.daurica's liver suffered relative slightly from hypoxia(Fig.2-4). These suggested that measurement of lysosomal enzymes would be more sensitive test on judgement of earlier hypoxic injury of liver.
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