兽类学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 585-594.DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150417

• 研究论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

荒漠区两种优势鼠种的活动节律及其影响因子

李鑫1 袁帅1 付和平1,2 武晓东1 杨素文1 纪羽1 刘建文3 旭花3 那日苏4 袁伟4 张卓然5   

  1. （1 内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院，呼和浩特 010011）（2 内蒙古农业大学生命科学学院，呼和浩特 010011）（3 内蒙古阿拉善盟孪井滩气象站，阿拉善 750312）（4 内蒙古锡林郭勒盟草原工作站，锡林浩特 026000）（5 内蒙古自治区草原工作站，呼和浩特 010020）
  • 出版日期:2020-12-01 发布日期:2020-12-03
  • 通讯作者: 袁帅 E-mail：yuanshuai2020@163.com; 武晓东 E-mail：wuxiaodong_hgb@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金（32060256，31772667，32060395）；内蒙古自然科学基金（2018MS03014，2019MS03012）；内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目（NJZZ17055）

Activity rhythm and influencing factors of two dominant rodents species in desert region

LI Xin1, YUAN Shuai1, FU Heping 1,2, WU Xiaodong1, YANG Suwen1, JI Yu1, LIU Jianwen3, XU Hua3, Narisu4, Yuan Wei 4, Zhang Zhuoran5   

  1. (1 College of Grassland, Resources and Environment, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010011, China)
    (2 College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot 010011, China)
    (3 Weather Station of Luanjingtan in Alashan League, Inner Mongolia, Alashan 750312, China)
    (4 Grassland station of Xilinhot, Inner Mongolia, Xilinhot 026000, China)
    (5 Grassland station of Inner Mongolia, Hohhot 010020, China)
  • Online:2020-12-01 Published:2020-12-03

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摘要：

子午沙鼠（Meriones meridianus）和三趾跳鼠（Dipus sagitta）是阿拉善荒漠区同域共存的两种优势鼠种，研究其活动节律对于了解荒漠啮齿动物的共存机制具有重要意义。本研究于2017年4月（春季）、7月（夏季）、9月（秋季）和10月（初冬）在阿拉善荒漠区，利用红外相机陷阱技术对子午沙鼠和三趾跳鼠的活动节律进行监测，以期深入了解极端干旱环境中子午沙鼠和三趾跳鼠不同季节活动节律动态，探索优势鼠种共存策略。结果表明：（1）子午沙鼠的种群数量受三趾跳鼠种群密度的抑制，其活动高峰期随三趾跳鼠活动高峰期的推迟而推迟，存在明显错峰现象，受光照强度的影响，二者的活动时长与夜长均呈正相关关系，其活动开始时间随日落时间的推迟、环境温度的升高而推迟；（2）子午沙鼠的活动强度在不同季节间无显著差异，三趾跳鼠的活动强度在不同季节有显著差异
（F=3.202；P=0.032)，表现为4月>7月>9月>10月；（3）子午沙鼠和三趾跳鼠通过调整其夜间时间利用模式以减少竞争，实现同域共存。

关键词: 啮齿动物, 红外相机, 活动节律, 同域共存, 荒漠

Abstract:

Midday gerbil (Meriones meridianus) and Northern three toed Jerboa (Dipus sagitta) are two dominant sympatric species in Alashan desert. Studying their activity rhythms is important for understanding the coexistence mechanism of desert rodents. This study was conducted in the Alashan desert of Inner Mongolian, on April (spring), July (summer), September (autumn) and October(pre-winter), 2017. We monitored M. meridianus and D. sagitta using camera-traps in order to understand the active rhythms in different seasons and explore coexistence strategies of two species. The results showed that: (1) The population of M. meridianus was restrained by the D. sagitta population density. An obviously staggered phenomenon was found between the two species peak activity. Affected by the light intensity, the activity time of two species was positively correlated with night length. The activities start time of the two species was positively correlated with the sunset and ambient temperature. (2) There was no significant season difference in activity intensity of M. meridianus. However, the D. sagitta showed the opposite strategy (F =3.202；P =0.032); (3) These result indicated that coexisting desert rodents adjusted their night time utilization patterns to reduce competition and achieve coexistence.

Key words: Rodents, Camera-trap, Activity rhythm, Coexistence, Desert

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