黄山野生短尾猴理毛发生部位的差异

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150516

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 理毛行为是指动物个体用双手或单手从自身或其他个体的毛发中检出颗粒物并放入嘴里咀嚼或直接用嘴进行清理的过程，在灵长类动物社会中普遍存在且频繁发生。本研究以栖息于安徽黄山的野生短尾猴（Macaca thibetana）为研究对象，于2019年7-12月采用目标动物取样法采集行为数据，通过比较自我理毛和社会理毛的发生部位和发生过程，期望揭示该物种理毛行为发生部位的差异性。结果显示，短尾猴的社会理毛发生频率及平均持续时间均显著高于自我理毛。自我理毛多采用双手或单手的方式，而社会理毛则更倾向于使用双手。自我理毛大多分布于后肢前部、后肢后部以及手臂前部等部位，而社会理毛则更多的分布于背部、脸部、躯干侧部、手臂后部等部位。就理毛过程而言，自我理毛选择身体部位的随机性较强，而社会理毛则呈现明显的差异性，短尾猴社会理毛行为开始偏好在背部和脸部，结束部位则更多集中于背部。结果表明，野生短尾猴自我理毛和社会理毛在行为方式、发生过程以及部位选择上均呈现显著差异，很大程度上取决于动物个体自身所能接触的部位。同时，结果提示，两个个体参与的社会理毛行为发生过程中可能体现出参与理毛个体的社会关系的变化特征，为认识和理解理毛行为的社会功能提供更多的基础依据。

关键词: 短尾猴, 社会理毛, 自我理毛, 理毛方式, 部位选择

Abstract: Grooming refers to the process by which an individual cleans its own body or the body of others using its hands or mouth. Grooming is widespread among primates. In this study, we investigated social grooming and auto-grooming behavior in a wild population of Tibetan macaques(Macaca thibetana), inhabiting Huangshan Mountain, Anhui Province, China. From July to December, 2019, behavioral data were collected using a focal sampling animal method. The results showed that the frequency and duration of social grooming were significantly higher than auto-grooming. Auto-grooming was generally accomplished using two-hands or one-hand, while social grooming principally involved the use of two-hands. Auto-grooming was directed to the legs, thighs and forearms, while social grooming focused on the back, face, arms and flanks. The selection of body parts during auto-grooming was strongly random, whereas there was a marked preferencein the body parts during social grooming. Tibetan macaques preferred initiating social grooming either on their partner's back or face, whereas the last part of the body allogroomed was the back. The results identified significant differences in behavior patterns, process, and site selection during auto-grooming and social grooming in wild Tibetan macaques. It appears that the process of social grooming reflects changing characteristics of the social relationship of the grooming partners, and offers critical insight into the social functions of grooming behavior.

Key words: Macaca thibetana, Auto-grooming, Social grooming, Grooming patterns, Site selections

中图分类号:

Q958.1

陈仕望, 吴明阳, 孙丙华, 王希, 夏东坡, 李进华. 黄山野生短尾猴理毛发生部位的差异[J]. 兽类学报, 2021, 41(3): 330-337.

CHEN Shiwang, WU Mingyang, SUN Binghua, WANG Xi, XIA Dongpo, LI Jinhua. Discrepancy of grooming sites of wild Tibetan macaques(Macaca thibetana) at Mt.Huangshan[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2021, 41(3): 330-337.

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