关键词: 獐, 分布, 栖息地, 人类影响

Abstract: The effect on the history and current distribution of Chinese water deer by human activities and geographic changes was studies through reference the local history recording, visiting local hunter and field survey. The results showed that there are very large area of wetland that was suitable to deer survival along the coast of northern Jiangsu province in the history. The wetland along the coast was extended very fast because a large of amount sand that water of yellow River carried sunk there when Yellow River flowed into the sea through Hui He river that located northern Jiangsu province since 1128 AC. The extension of coast wetland was stopped after 1858AC when the yellow river come back Shan dong province which is its original place. The wetland was reclaimed since the beginning of 20 century as the human population increasing. The distribution of Chinese water deer has been shrinking very fast because a large of habitat was used for agriculture since 1920. The population in the coastal area of northern Jiangsu has already fragmental into several separate small subpopulation in recent 20 years. There are only four subpopulation, total number of deer less than 1500 animals survived in the area of habitat less than 100 km² in the coastal area of northern Jiangsu. The Chinese water deer will be extinct in nearly future in this area if no effective protecting measure is taken.

Key words: Chinese water deer(Hydropotes inermis), distribution, habitat, human activities effect