关键词: 小兴安岭, 黑熊, 食性

Abstract: We collected and analyzed 51 scats from Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus) in the Xiao Xing'anling area of northeast of China during April 2004 to November 2005. Collection of scats was aided by radio-telemetry. Based on locations where we found and collected scats,main habitats for black bears were mixed conifer-deciduous forests (400 - 560 meter elevation) in early spring and late fall,deciduous forest and mixed conifer-deciduous forest in late spring and early summer,deciduous forest, mixed conifer-deciduous forest,and riparian forest during summer and early fall. Bears ate mainly plants,as much as 70% of their estimated diets consisted of vegetation in summer.Species and plant parts eaten varied by season. Fewest species were eaten in spring, when an index of food diversity indicator was 2.317 and an evenness index wa 0.5923. In summer,bears ate the greatest variety of food plants (diversity index = 2.628, evenness index =0.6367). In autumn,the food diversity index was 2.361 and the evenness index was 0.5173. Highly preferred foods included seeds and mast of Korean pine, Quercus mongolica,Juglans mandshurica,Actinidia kolomikta,and Prunus, Hippochaete hyemale,Gramineae,Ulmus,Carex siderosricra, Acermono, Betulla, Populus,and Salix were avoided.

Key words: Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus), Food habit, Xiao Xing'anling Mountains