关键词: 小麂, 线粒体DNA D-loop 区, 遗传多样性, 有效种群, 种群动态, 基因流

Abstract: The muntjac deer (Muntiacus reevesi) is a widespread species in South China,which makes it an excellent target species in phylogeography and population genetics studies in the South China area. Using 770 nucleotides of the mitochondrial DNA D-loop region from 101 individuals from Wannan (WN)and Dabie mountains (DB),we explored the genetic diversity,effective populations,population demographic history and gene flow pattern between the two populations. In these populations,higher genetic diversity and larger effective population size were observed in the Wannan population (h =0.952,π = 0. 0168, N_E =146830) than in the Dabie population (h =0.734,π =0.0077,N_E = 19840). Based on Mismatch Distribution Analysis, a significant population expansion sign was detected in the Wanan population (0.157 Mya),which might have been triggered by the warm fourth interglacial stage of the Pleistocene. The demographic history analysis indicated that Pleistocene climate fluctuations had imprinted a strong genetic signal in the genetic background of muntjac deer. In addition,an asymmetric gene flow pattern was discovered between the Wannan and Dabie populations (M_WN→DB =0.36;M_DB→WN =75.00). The asymmetric gene flow pattern might be attributable to the landscape changes of the Yangtze River in the Pleistocene glacial oscillations, which may reflect the totally different effects of barriers in the glacial period and interglacial stages.

Key words: Demographic history, Effective population, Genetic divesrsity, Gene flow, mtDNA D-loop region, Muntjac deer (Muntiacus reevesi)