To evaluate the anesthetic effect of ketamine on golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana), we observed the reaction of 24 individuals to intramuscular injection of ketamine doses of 5.90-15.71mg/kg when collecting blood for another study. The results indicated that all individuals had a satisfactory anesthetic outcome with no deaths. They exhibited limpness, salivation, slow falling, and occasional idle chewing during incubation which lasted （4.00 ± 1.77） min. They showed good muscle relaxation, smooth breathing, and idle chewing during the anesthesia period which lasted （21.67 ± 5.03 ）min. The recovery period lasted （31.79 ± 6.07 ）mins; golden snub-nosed monkeys began to regain consciousness, tried to sit and walk with frequent idle chewing during the recovery period, and resumed normal activities after the recovery period. A new behavior, idle chewing, i.e. chewing with no food in the mouth, is first reported in the process of anesthesia in this species. Furthermore, our results show that the duration of the recovery period was longer for the male subjects than for the females and that the frequency of idle chewing during the recovery period was lower in the males than in the females. Sex and age dependent differences in behavioral reactions were not detected during the anesthesia or in the recovery period.

本研究单独使用氯胺酮对24只神农架川金丝猴（Rhinopithecus roxellana）进行麻醉，比较其在诱导期、麻醉期及恢复期的持续时间和行为反应差异，探讨氯胺酮对不同性别、不同年龄川金丝猴的麻醉效果。结果显示：24例受试动物注射氯胺酮（剂量5.90-15.71mg/kg）后，镇痛、镇静和肌松效果良好，无意外死亡。其中，诱导期表现四肢逐渐无力，流涎，身体逐渐倒下，偶有嘴空嚼；麻醉期表现肌松良好，呼吸通畅，伴有嘴空嚼；恢复期表现以手指和躯干振动，开始恢复意识，嘴空嚼情况增多，尝试坐立和行走，最后恢复正常；诱导期、麻醉期和恢复期持续平均持续时间分别为(4.00 ± 1.77)min、(21.67 ± 5.03)min和(31.79 ± 6.07)min。本研究首次监测到川金丝猴在麻醉过程中出现嘴空嚼行为（没有进食的情况下嘴上下及左右咀嚼）。数据分析表明，在麻醉过程中雄性个体恢复期时长明显大于雌性，雄性个体在恢复期空嚼行为的次数明显小于雌性；而性别对诱导期、麻醉期，年龄对诱导期、麻醉期和恢复期的时长及行为影响均无明显差异。