Table of Content

20 February 1984, Volume 4 Issue 1

Previous Issue    Next Issue

For Selected:

Download Citations EndNote Ris BibTeX

Toggle Thumbnails

Select

ECOLOGICAL STUDIES OF THE STUMP-TAILED MACAQUE

XIONG Chengpei

1984, 4(1):  1-9. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2714KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

In Anhui province, the Stump-tailed rracaque (Macaco thibetana) lives on the higher mountain forest cgions of Huang Shan,at the altitude of 600-1500 metres.Their habitats aie evengreen defoliate mixed forests and defoliate broadleaved mixed forests.Social Stump-tailed macaque lives and roves in group.It appears vertical migration cccuring with seasonal changes. This macaque feeds chiefly on leaves, fruits, and seeds and also to a lesser extent en reptiles, chicks, and eggs. They are mature at the age about five years. Pregnancy period is about eight months. A baby-animal at one birth. 5 troops,144 individuals had been determined, sex ratio is♀:♂ =1:1.8 .The individuals within cne troop may be divided into four lanks. Several high-ranking adults males direct the activities of all individuals. This behavior belongs to the phenomenon of stress-leading of the dominant single-male and cooperated by more-males.The high-ranking males occupy almost all females.The high-ranking individuals may be produced and replaced. The social behavior Is formed along the long path of natural selection,and enable them well adapt to their environments.

Select

ON ENERGY METABOLISM OF MARMOTA HIMALAYANA

1984, 4(1):  10-10. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1940KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

POLYSPECIFIC GROUPS OF MACAQUES ON THE KOWLOON PENINSULA NEW TERRITORIES, HONG KONG

Charles H. Southwick¹, Karen L. Southwick²

1984, 4(1):  11-17. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (4919KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The New Territories of Hong Kong consist of approximately 800 km², with an east-west extent of 70 km and a north-south extent of 40 km. Topography varies from lowland coastal rice paddies to forested mountains nearly 1000 m in elevation. Despite the high human population of Hong Kong and intensive agriculture, approximately 100 km² are forested, primarily in reserve forests, on steep hillsides, and around water reservoirs.

Select

DISTRIBUTION OF THE GRAY WHALE(ESCHRICHTIUS GIBBOSUS) OFF THE COAST OF CHINA

WANG Peilie

1984, 4(1):  21-26. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (3869KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Three skeletons of the gray whales have been obtained off Liaonin, Zhejiang and Guangdong Province in the Yellow Sea, the East China Sea and the South China Sea respectively. It is believed that some individuals of the western Pacific stock migrated through the waters off the east ccast of China, and entered the calving grounds in the coastal waters of Guangdong Province in former times, these calving grounds are possibly in the Daya Bay and Wailuo Harbour. Occasionally, a few individuals probably reached as far south as 20°N in the adjacent wateis of the east coast of Hainan Island.

Select

BREEDING OF THE WEST INDIAN MANATEE (Trichechus manatus Linn.)IN CAPTIVITY

QI Jingfen

1984, 4(1):  27-33. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (3476KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Manatee can be transported by air, out of water for 22 hours. But its skin should be kept moist,at a temperature of 21 and above.It has been found that the pair of manatees in our captivity can live on common waterhyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) as the main substitute for food.They not only grow well but also produce young calf.The gestation for the two baby manatees takes 387 and 370 days respectively. The average period of 378.5 days fundamentally agrees with what has been recorded in some available material of estimation. For instance, Jennison has estimated the period to be 365 days (Crandall, 1964)In his report, Estanislau Kostka Pinto Da Silveira (1975) said that manatees probably have sexual intercourse in a bellyto-belly position. Our observation confirms that manatees really copulate in that way.No report has ever been made on the process of manatee's parturition. From our observation we have collected the following data: In her secoond birth the pregnant manatee has shown more obvious signs of impending parturition.The body position during parturition remains the same as usual. Some time after the foetal membr ane appears at the vaginal orifice,amniotic fluid begins to flow and lasts for about 3/2 hours until the foetus comes out. Placenta is discharged 19/2 hours later.According to our observation, the baby manatee spurts out of the water instinctively on its own and takes the first breath.This is contrary to the description in some writings which ccnclvee that it is the mother rranateewhich supports the baby out of the water.The gesture of nursing shows that both mother and taby are submergedin the water, their bodies parallel with the water level, while the mother extends one of its fore flippers diagonally, the baby sucks the nipple in the mother's armpit.Thus the two bodies form an acute angle.

Select

LOCOMOTORY CHARACTERS OF RHinopithecus beiti

1984, 4(1):  34-34. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2174KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

STUDIES ON MUSK GLAND, MUSK. NUMBERS AND HUNT OF THE MUSK-DEER (Moschus sifanicus)

ZHENG Shengwu, PI Nanlin

1984, 4(1):  35-42. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2659KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Musk-deer(Moschus sifanicus) is an animal of great economic importance, its ecology was observed at Jianza Xian, Qinghai Province during 1973-1974. The musk gland was dissected and its shape and structicn were illustrated (fig. 1 ). Besides, parts of the musk gland were measured(tab.l) The growth of maxillary canine teeth and musk weight in musk-deer accorded with the following formula(fig. 2 ). Y = 0.33X+1.12 The meat of musk-deer have been eaten veiy good. It occupied 58.55 + 4.87-62.12+3.41% of body weight (tab. 2 ).In order to conserve the musk-deer without killing, its breeding should be developed. We should have a plan for gaming. Numbers of hunted musk-deer must not surpass 60% of the total breeding numbers (or 20% of the numbers of the total population).

Select

AN INVESTIGATION OF ECOLOGY OF GERBIL

QIN Changyu

1984, 4(1):  43-51. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2694KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

The gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus)is a representative animal in desert steppe and the improtant host in natural focus of plague in Ningxia and Inner Mongolia.This investigation was carried out month by month during 1979-1980 in Taole.Ningxia.There are mainly four biotopes in this district;wasteland in the alluvial plain of Yellow River(I),wasteland between the agricultural field(II),the plain with dersert grassland(II),grassland inserted in sand dunes(IV).Tte results are summarized below(1) There were differences in the density in every month at the above four biotopes.The avera densities in III and I are higher (3.1-3.3ind/h) than that of the others(0.7-1.6ind/h).(2) One hundred and fifty nine gerbils weie rrarked and released, some of them can be migrated out at any time.(3) The dissecting of the 647 females indicated that the peaks of the pregnancy ratio and the reproduction index were in April, May and July but reproduction stopped in November and December.(4) Investigating the stomach contents of the 1226 gerbils indicated that their food habit generally take the leaves and stalks of the green plant in summer and live on grains and seeds of wild plant in autumn, winter and spring.(5) Subadults are the main component in age structure according to the investigation of 1258 individuals.

Select

PRIMARY INVESTIGATION OF HARMFUL HOUSE MOUSE IN WESTER YUNNAN

1984, 4(1):  52-52. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2132KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

ELECTROPHO RETIC ANALYSIS OF HEMOGLOBIN ON THE HYBRID GENERATIONS OF WILD MOUSE AND LABORATORY MOUSE

ZHOU Yucan, HU Xiaomei

1984, 4(1):  53-61. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (5768KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

To study penetic characteristics of the ariots proteins in the mise (Mus musculus),the hybridization of wild morse (grey fur) and latoratory mouEe(albino)was tested.lie;esvlts of hybridization and linkage of hemog-lobin with fur coolr locus are reported in this paper.The mating group,incltding 4 pairs of wild rouse(female)with laboratory mouse (male), has not genertated for 8 months.Cn the contrary,the other tra-ting group(4 pairs)of wild mouse (male)with latoratory mouse(ferrale)gene-rated offspring after about two months. The sum of F₁ is 70 for 7 foetus in the latter group, and all individuals were of grey fur. It is evident that the grey fur is a dominant character and the white fur is a recessive character.Among 14 pairs of sib mating (F₁), there are 7 pairs to generated offspring,the other 7 pairs are sterile,For fur,colour of F₂ of 55 individuals the great malority are of grey fur,some are of white fur,only a few are of yellow or black fur. We regard all colour individuals as none albinos, then compared the sum of colour individuals with the those white ones(albinos). The ratio is 3.23:1,being agreed with Mendel's laws. There are also grey, white,yellow and black fur in the offspring of backcross. When the sum of colour individuals compare with the white ones,the ratio is 0.87:1,being in accordance with Mendel's laws,too.The hemoglobins of P,F₁ and F₂ were analysed by gel electrophoresis.It is found that in F₁or F₂, all hemoglobin patterns of grey fur are similar to those of wild mouse(male parant),in F₂ all Hb patterns of white fur are not only similar to,but also identical with those of laboratory mouse(female parant).For example,when Hb of female parant is "single type",the Hb of F₂(white fur) is also "single type"; when Hb of female parant is "diffuse type",the Hb of F₂(white fur)is"diffuse type",too.It is obvious that linkage exists in the hereditary chaacters between herropobin and fur colour.Among Hb of hybrid,the new component of Hb vas not yet found. However,due to diffeience of beterozyosity of F₁,the two molymorghic types of Hb are appeared.It is just a reflection of sex difference in F₁. Similarly,due to difference of segregation of F₂ the Hb polymorphism also occurred.For grey,yellow and black fur mice,the difference of Hb is not yet observed. Comparisicn on all patterns of Hb ccnfirrred that slow migrating components are probably important to decide what the fur colovr cf mouse will be.

Select

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ON THE DUSHULING AS A RODENTICIDE

SHI Yinzhu¹, FAN Naichang¹, PAN Jinyuan², LI Jiming²

1984, 4(1):  63-68. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2490KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

A rodenticice named Dushuling in Chinese is an extraction of the plant-Rhododendron przeweskii.Its molecular formula is C₂₂H₂₆O₇, and molecular weight of that is 412.Its toxicity has been examined with sorre rcdents and domestic animals. The results are as following (See table).According to the results of the experiments, Dushuling dees not cause any tolerance and secondary haxard toxicity in the lab and the efficiency of rodent control the Ochotona curzoniae, is 97.92% with the cats contained 0.1% Dushuling in the field.

Select

BOTTLE-CONTAINED RODENTICIDE LIQUID IN THE ELIMINATION OF RATS

ZHAO Chengshan, ZHANG Shishui, QU Baoquan, HOU Xiuli, LIU Yonglai

1984, 4(1):  69-73. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (2360KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

A new methed of eliminating rats with bottle-contained rodenticide liquid is reported for the first time.The rats are killed after drinking the poisonous liquid from the glass tube connected to the opening of the bottle which is placed upside down,or tilted.Observations on the consumption of poisonous liquid as well as the number of rats killed everyday suggest that the rats can easily find the tube and drink the fatal liquid.Twelve tests in four groups were carried out in grain stores and other places where water was lacking. Diphacine-Na (0.15%)was used in two groups.The average lethal rate for Norway rats is 88.5% and 98.4% for two methods of testing efficiency of deratization.In the other two groups fluoroacetamide was used.The average lethal rate for Norway rats is 87.0% and 95.3% respectively.

Select

SOME BIOLOGICAL HABITS OF SOUTH CHINESE BOAR AND HUNTING AT ITS CENTRAL FEEDING GROUND

1984, 4(1):  75-78. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1968KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics

Select

AN EXPERIMENTAL COMPARISON OF POISONING EFFECT TO RATS BY USING INTERMITTENT AND SATURATED DOSES OF BRODIF-ACOUM

¹

1984, 4(1):  79-80. 

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1612KB) ( )  

Related Articles | Metrics