圈养黔金丝猴对不同噪声的行为响应

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.151024

兽类学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 810-819.DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.151024

圈养黔金丝猴对不同噪声的行为响应

吴江明¹, 黄小龙²^,³^,⁵, 程绍传²^,⁵, 杨伟⁴^,⁵, 张旭²^,³^,⁶, 冉景丞²^,³^,⁵()

^1.贵州师范大学生命科学学院，贵阳 550025
^2.贵州省林业科学研究院，贵阳 550005
^3.贵州省林业科学研究院西南喀斯特山地生物多样性保护国家林业和草原局重点实验室，贵阳 550005
^4.贵州梵净山国家级自然保护区管理局，江口 554400
^5.贵州梵净山森林生态系统定位观测研究站，江口 554400
^6.贵州草海湿地生态系统定位观测研究站，威宁 553100

收稿日期:2024-11-06 接受日期:2025-04-09 出版日期:2025-11-30 发布日期:2025-12-03
通讯作者: 冉景丞
作者简介:吴江明 (1997- )，男，硕士研究生，主要从事动物行为生态学研究.
基金资助:
贵州省林业科研项目 [黔科合支撑 (2023) 一般188,黔科合支撑 (2024) 一般129,黔林科合 (2024) 13号，黔林科合 (2024) 14号]

Behavioral response of captive Guizhou snub-nosed monkeys to noise from different sources

Jiangming WU¹, Xiaolong HUANG²^,³^,⁵, Shaochuan CHENG²^,⁵, Wei YANG⁴^,⁵, Xu ZHANG²^,³^,⁶, Jingcheng RAN²^,³^,⁵()

^1.College of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China
^2.Guizhou Academy of Forestry, Guiyang 550005, China
^3.Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Biodiversity Conservation in Karst Mountainous Areas of Southwestern China, Guizhou Academy of Forestry, Guiyang 550005, China
^4.Guizhou Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve Administration, Jiangkou 554400, China
^5.Guizhou Fanjingshan Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Jiangkou 554400, China
^6.Guizhou Caohai Wetland Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Weining 553100, China

Received:2024-11-06 Accepted:2025-04-09 Online:2025-11-30 Published:2025-12-03
Contact: Jingcheng RAN

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

人为噪声重塑了自然环境声景格局，对野生动物行为、分布和警戒性等造成了不利影响。黔金丝猴 (Rhinopithecus brelichi) 是全世界最濒危的灵长类之一，仅栖息在贵州梵净山国家级自然保护区。为掌握黔金丝猴对不同噪声的行为响应，2023年12月至2024年6月，以黔金丝猴研究中心圈养黔金丝猴为研究对象，回放交通噪声、游客噪声、农村生活噪声和鸟类捕食者声音4种噪声并设置声压级梯度 (40 dB、50 dB、60 dB和70 dB)，采用焦点动物取样法记录黔金丝猴的行为变化。结果显示：(1) 4种噪声刺激能引起黔金丝猴的警戒时间百分比增加，休息减少；(2) 警戒时间百分比随声压级强度增加呈增长趋势，60 dB声压级刺激时出现躲避现象；(3) 警戒时间百分比在不同噪声间差异显著（P < 0.05），对鸟类捕食者声音的警戒时间百分比显著高于交通噪声、游客噪声和农村生活噪声等人类噪声；(4) 圈养黔金丝猴对长期接触过的人类噪声可能具有习惯化效应。本研究初步揭示了不同噪声干扰条件下黔金丝猴的行为响应模式，为后续开展其行为学研究，规范人类活动及保护管理措施的制定提供了依据。

关键词: 黔金丝猴, 人类活动, 噪声, 行为, 警戒性

Abstract:

Anthropogenic noise reshapes the soundscape of natural environments, causing adverse effects on the behavior, distribution, and vigilance of wildlife. The Guizhou snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus brelichi) is one of the most endangered primates globally, inhabiting only the Fanjingshan National Nature Reserve in Guizhou. To investigate the behavioral responses of Guizhou snub-nosed monkeys to different noises, from December 2023 to June 2024, we studied Guizhou snub-nosed monkeys in captivity at the Guizhou Snub-nosed Monkey Research Center. Four types of noise, including traffic noise, tourist noise, rural noise, and avian predator call, were played back with a gradient of noise levels (40 dB, 50 dB, 60 dB, and 70 dB), and behavioral changes of Guizhou snub-nosed monkeys were recorded using focal animal sampling method. The results show that the four types of noise stimuli can cause an increase in vigilance time and a decrease in rest in Guizhou snub-nosed monkeys. The vigilance time tends to increase with the intensity of the noise level, and avoidance phenomenon appears when stimulated with a 60 dB noise level. The difference in vigilance time is significant (P < 0.05) among the different types of noise, and the percentage of the total vigilance time to the avian predator is significantly higher than that to the sound of human noise such as traffic noise, tourist noise and rural noise. Captive Guizhou snub-nosed monkeys have a habituation effect on human noise to which they had been exposed for a long time. This study initially reveals the behavioral response patterns of Guizhou snub-nosed monkeys under different noise interference conditions, which provides a basis for subsequent in-depth research on their behavior, the regulation of human activities, and the formulation of conservation and management measures.

Key words: Guizhou snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus brelichi), Human activities, Noise, Behavioral, Vigilance

中图分类号:

Q958.1

吴江明, 黄小龙, 程绍传, 杨伟, 张旭, 冉景丞. 圈养黔金丝猴对不同噪声的行为响应[J]. 兽类学报, 2025, 45(6): 810-819.

Jiangming WU, Xiaolong HUANG, Shaochuan CHENG, Wei YANG, Xu ZHANG, Jingcheng RAN. Behavioral response of captive Guizhou snub-nosed monkeys to noise from different sources[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2025, 45(6): 810-819.

图/表 5

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噪声类型 Noise types	噪声强度 Noise intensity
噪声类型 Noise types	对照组 Control	40 dB	50 dB	60 dB	70 dB
农村生活噪声 Rural noise	1.86% ± 0.28%^d	7.83% ± 0.53%^c	16.60% ± 1.51%^b	25.02% ± 2.23%^ab	30.07% ± 2.50%^a
游客噪声 Tourists noise	2.19% ± 0.29%^c	13.98% ± 1.50%^b	16.50% ± 1.34%^b	26.07% ± 2.36%^a	30.17% ± 2.67%^a
交通噪声 Traffic noise	2.43% ± 0.34%^c	15.00% ± 1.79%^b	17.07% ± 1.40%^b	35.24% ± 3.64%^a	27.95% ± 2.50%^a
鸟类捕食者声音 Avian predator	2.67% ± 0.37%^c	15.95% ± 1.81%^b	23.50% ± 2.09%^a	33.86% ± 2.92%^a	34.21% ± 3.03%^a

噪声类型 Noise types	噪声强度 Noise intensity
噪声类型 Noise types	对照组 Control	40 dB	50 dB	60 dB	70 dB
农村生活噪声 Rural noise	1.86% ± 0.28%^d	7.83% ± 0.53%^c	16.60% ± 1.51%^b	25.02% ± 2.23%^ab	30.07% ± 2.50%^a
游客噪声 Tourists noise	2.19% ± 0.29%^c	13.98% ± 1.50%^b	16.50% ± 1.34%^b	26.07% ± 2.36%^a	30.17% ± 2.67%^a
交通噪声 Traffic noise	2.43% ± 0.34%^c	15.00% ± 1.79%^b	17.07% ± 1.40%^b	35.24% ± 3.64%^a	27.95% ± 2.50%^a
鸟类捕食者声音 Avian predator	2.67% ± 0.37%^c	15.95% ± 1.81%^b	23.50% ± 2.09%^a	33.86% ± 2.92%^a	34.21% ± 3.03%^a

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圈养黔金丝猴对不同噪声的行为响应

Behavioral response of captive Guizhou snub-nosed monkeys to noise from different sources

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