关键词: 川金丝猴, 微卫星, 遗传多样性, 亲缘关系

Abstract: To evaluate the genetic status of the golden snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana) provisioned Group in Shennongjia National Natural Reserve, and to provide useful reference information for genetic management of the group, a group of 12 microsatellite markers (Table 2) were used in this study to analyze the genetic diversity and relatedness of the group. In addition, the loss of genetic diversity in the future was simulated by the software BottleSim. 12 microsatellite loci showed good amplification and assayed in 51 individuals (Table 1). Results of genetic diversity assessment (Table 3) indicated that a total of 50 alleles were detected. Mean observed heterozygosity (Ho), expected heterozygosity (He), and polymorphic information content (PIC) were 0.668, 0.630 and 0.567, respectively. Compared with Sichuan golden snub-nosed monkey populations (He:0.589- 0.740; Ho:0.550-0.720) and some endangered species such as Yunnan golden monkey (Rhinopithecus bieti) (He:0.78; Ho:0.58), Guizhou golden monkey (Rhinopithecus brelichi) (He:0.78; Ho:0.58), Tonkin leaf monkey (Trachypithecus francoisi) (He:0.559; Ho:0.551), the genetic diversity of the Shennongjia provisioned golden snub-nosed monkey group was not low. 11 units with certain parents and offspring were detected (Table 4). Relatedness analysis showed that these units had not yet suffered from inbreeding (relatedness index < 0.1875). The average relatedness index of this group was 0.1108, and 21.64% of individual pairs were possible relatives (relatedness index < 0.1875), which was 2 times higher than theoretical data in the wild animal population (10%). Additionally, 2 candidate parent pairs in present OMU (One Male Unit) were found to be possible relatives (>0.1875). The results from both parent identification and relatedness suggested that this group was in high risk of inbreeding. Simulation results showed that population size and sex ratio had an impact on genetic diversity, and a loss of genetic diversity would be slowed down by increasing the population size and optimizing the sex ratio. Based on results above, it is suggested that the essential task associated with the provision group is to build an accurate family tree and to check out the genetic background of individuals, especially candidate parentsTo establish a larger and more effective breeding group, with much greater genetic diversity, the group needs to get highly related individuals out of the group and to recruit suitable individuals from other groups.

Key words: Genetic diversity, Golden snub-nosed monkey (Rhinopithecus roxellana), Microsatellite marker, Relatedness