Comparative study on spatio-temporal activity of sympatric Prionailurus bengalensis and Nyctereutes procyonoides in Panshan Mountains of Tianjin

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.151057

Abstract

Abstract: The coexistence mechanism of sympatric species remains a complex topic and has yet to be fully elucidated. From July 2019 to December 2022, this study applied infrared camera technology to conduct comparative study on the temporal and spatial activities of Prionailurus bengalensis and Nyctereutes procyonoides in Tianjin Panshan Scenic Spot in order to explore the characteristic and potential mechanisms of niche differentiation among sympatric species. We found that the relative abundance index (RAI) of P. bengalensis was overall higher than that of N. procyonoides, and there was no significant seasonal difference on RAIs for each species. In terms of daily activity patterns, both species have two daily activity peaks based on the annual data (P. bengalensis: 03: 00-05: 00, 19: 00-20: 00; N. procyonoides: 01: 00-03:00, 20: 00-23: 00), although there were some small non-significant differences. In terms of altitudinal activity, the average altitude recorded for P. bengalensis and N. procyonoides was (420. 390 ±15. 161) m and (322. 415 ±14. 560) m, respectively, but it varied seasonally. The average altitude for P. bengalensis was significantly higher than that in N. procyonoides for each season. Sympatric leopard cats and raccoon dogs formed a degree of temporal and spatial niche differentiation. This study provides valuable scientific insights for the integrative conservation and management of related species and their natural habitats.

Key words: Carnivora, Daily activity rhythm, Relative abundance index, Altitude, Sympatric distribution

摘要： 关于同域分布物种的共存机制问题复杂，目前尚未完全阐明。鉴于此，2019年7月至2022年12月，在天津盘山风景名胜区，基于红外相机技术对野生豹猫（Prionailurus bengalensis）和貉（Nyctereutes procyonoides）开展时空活动规律比较研究，探寻同域分布物种生态位分化特点及潜在原因。研究发现：（1）在整体水平上豹猫的相对多度指数高于貉，2个物种的相对多度指数均无显著季节间差异；（2）在日活动规律方面，基于全年数据豹猫和貉均存在2个日活动高峰期（豹猫：03:00—05:00和19:00—20:00；貉：01:00—03:00和20:00—23:00），虽有一定差异但未达到显著性水平；（3）在活动海拔方面，豹猫和貉活动的平均海拔高度分别为（420.390 ±15.161） m和（322.415 ± 14.560） m，2个物种的海拔高度存在季节变化，豹猫四季活动的海拔高度显著高于貉。同域分布的豹猫和貉形成了一定程度的时空生态位分化，本研究为豹猫和貉及其栖息地的综合保护管理提供了科学参考依据。

关键词: 食肉目, 日活动节律, 相对多度指数, 海拔高度, 同域分布

CLC Number:

Q958.1

CHEN Wenqi, CHEN Xiaobing, ZHANG Wanting, ZHANG Xuelian, ZHOU Yifan, LI Yingchun, LU Xianwang, GUAN Hongwu, ZHAO Dapeng. Comparative study on spatio-temporal activity of sympatric Prionailurus bengalensis and Nyctereutes procyonoides in Panshan Mountains of Tianjin[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2026, 46(4): 522-533.

陈文琦, 陈晓冰, 张婉婷, 张雪涟, 周一凡, 李迎春, 卢宪旺, 关洪武, 赵大鹏. 天津盘山同域分布野生豹猫与貉时空活动规律研究[J]. 兽类学报, 2026, 46(4): 522-533.

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