Abstract: Camera trapping is an important tool for monitoring terrestrial mammals and birds, and has been widely used in wildlife survey, population evaluation and behavioral ecology. We set up 51 infrared camera monitoring sites in the Maoershan National Nature Reserve to monitor large and medium-sized mammals and forest birds between July 2014 and January 2015. These monitoring sites were distributed among four habitat types and seven altitude zones. Our objective is to explore the factors influencing the diversity of mammals and birds in different habitats and at different altitudes. We identified 17 mammal species and 30 bird species，with two species as category I state key protected wild animals and seven as category II state key protected wild animals. Based on the relative abundance index, Edward’s long-tailed rat (Leopoldamys edwardsi), red legged yellow bellied squirrel (Dremomys pyrrhomerus), swinhoe’s striped squirrel (Tamiops swinhoei), wild boar (Sus scrofa) and Pallas's squirrel (Callosciurus erythraeus) were ranked as the five most abundant mammal species. Silver pheasant (Lophura nycthemera), blue whistling thrush (Myophonus caeruleus) and red billed leiothrix bird (Leiothrix lutea) were ranked as the top three bird species. There were significant variations in species number, diversity and evenness indexes of mammals and birds in different habitats and at different altitudes. The species number, diversity and evenness indices of mammals and birds in mixed forests were higher than those in other forests. The species number of birds was higher in 1400-1600 m than in other altitudes. Our results provide preliminary data for species composition of large and medium-sized mammals and forest birds, their relative abundances and spatial distributions in Maoershan, which are important for the future research and protection management.

Key words: Infrared camera, Biodiversity, Mammal and bird community, Maoershan Nature Reserve

摘要： 红外相机技术是监测兽类和鸟类的重要方法，目前已广泛应用于野生动物资源调查、种群评估和行为生态学等研究领域。2014年7月至2015年1月期间，在广西猫儿山国家级自然保护区布设51个红外相机监测位点（分别位于4种生境和7个海拔区域），对区内大中型兽类及林下鸟类资源多样性进行了初步调查。研究期间共记录到兽类17种、鸟类30种，包括2种国家I级和7种II级重点保护野生动物。小泡巨鼠（Leopoldamys edwardsi）、红腿长吻松鼠（Dremomys pyrrhomerus）、隐纹松鼠（Tamiops swinhoei）、野猪（Sus scrofa）和赤腹松鼠（Callosciurus erythraeus）的相对丰富度居于兽类前5位，白鹇（Lophura nycthemera）、紫啸鸫（Myophonus caeruleus）、红嘴相思鸟(Leiothrix lutea)的相对丰富度居于鸟类前3位。在不同生境和海拔，兽类和鸟类物种数、多样性指数和均匀度指数存在显著差异。混交林中兽类和鸟类的物种数量、多样性和均匀度指数明显高于其它生境；海拔1400-1600 m鸟类物种数明显高于其它海拔区域。本次监测结果初步了解了猫儿山保护区内大中型兽类及林下鸟兽物种组成、相对数量及空间分布，为后期的科研工作及保护管理提供了丰富的基础资料。

关键词: 红外相机, 生物多样性, 鸟兽群落, 猫儿山自然保护区