Abstract:

In order to gain an in-depth understanding of the species diversity in the Guangdong Liannan Bandong Provincial Nature Reserve, we monitored terrestrial birds and mammals based on 72 km grid sites (52 grids inside vs. 20 grids outside) using camera traps inside and outside the reserve for one year. The difference in species diversity between inside and outside the reserve was also analyzed. A total of 5 428 independent photograph (2 287 mammals and 3 141 birds) were collected totaling 19 416 camera-days from March 2021 to March 2022. We recorded 55 species (16 mammals and 39 birds) belonging to 26 families, 11 orders, and 2 classes. Among them, 14 species were listed as Class Ⅱ National Key Protected Species in China (3 mammals, 11 birds). The top three mammal species with the highest relative abundance index (RAI) were Dremomys pyrrhomerus, Sus scrofa, and Callosciurus erythraeus, and the top three bird species with the highest RAI were Lophura nycthemera, Zoothera aurea, and Myophonus caeruleus. The top three mammal species with the highest grid occupancy were Dremomys pyrrhomerus, Sus scrofa, and Paguma larvata, and the top three birdf species with the highest grid occupancy were Lophura nycthemera, Zoothera aurea, and Garrulax pectoralis. Comparing the monitoring data of mammals and birds, species richness, Shannon-Wiener index, and Simpson index were all higher inside the reserve than outside the reserve, while there was no significant difference in the Pielou index. The monitoring results showed that the proportion of carnivore species was relatively high, but with few larger ones. Possible reasons include habitat loss and fragmentation, food shortages, and human activity interference. Comparing with the previous investigation, a total of 8 new records of birds and mammals were recorded in the reserve. This study provides basic data for wildlife monitoring and assessment in the Guangdong Liannan Bandong Provincial Nature Reserve.

Key words: Camera trap, Liannan Bandong, Nature reserve, Species diversity

摘要：

为深入了解广东连南板洞省级自然保护区内及周边大中型兽类和地栖型鸟类的物种资源状况，本研究采用公里网格抽样方案，在保护区全域的52个监测位点以及周边的20个监测位点开展了物种资源调查，并对保护区内外物种多样性的差异进行了细致分析。2021年3月至2022年3月，红外相机累计有效工作时长19 416个相机日，拍摄独立有效照片共计5 428张，其中兽类2 287张、鸟类3 141张。共鉴定到55种野生动物，隶属于2纲11目26科，其中兽类16种、鸟类39种；属于国家二级重点保护野生动物的有14种，包括兽类3种、鸟类11种。相对多度指数排前三的兽类依次为红腿长吻松鼠（Dremomys pyrrhomerus）、野猪（Sus scrofa）和赤腹松鼠（Callosciurus erythraeus），鸟类依次为白鹇（Lophura nycthemera）、虎斑地鸫（Zoothera aurea）和紫啸鸫（Myophonus caeruleus）；网格占有率排前三的兽类依次为红腿长吻松鼠、野猪和花面狸（Paguma larvata），鸟类依次为白鹇、虎斑地鸫和黑领噪鹛（Garrulax pectoralis）。通过对比保护区内与保护区外单个红外相机监测到的鸟类和兽类数据，结果表明，保护区内的物种数、Shannon‑wienner指数、Simpson指数均高于保护区外；而Pielou指数保护区内外差异不显著。此外，食肉类动物在物种占比上相对较高，但体型较大的食肉类动物数量较少。这可能是由栖息地丧失及斑块化、食物短缺及人类活动干扰等因素导致的。与前期调查相比，此次研究共计发现保护区内8种鸟类和兽类新纪录。本研究为广东连南板洞保护区野生动物持续监测与评估提供了数据参考。

关键词: 红外相机技术, 连南板洞, 自然保护区, 物种多样性