兽类学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 358-378.DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.151121
费汉榄1,2(
), 杨建溧2, 刘星宇2,3, 李玲婧2, 郑婷婷2, 黎大勇1,2(
)
收稿日期:2025-07-03
接受日期:2025-10-09
出版日期:2026-05-30
发布日期:2026-06-04
通讯作者:
费汉榄,黎大勇
基金资助:
Hanlan FEI1,2(
), Jianli YANG2, Xingyu LIU2,3, Lingjing LI2, Tingting Zheng2, Dayong Li1,2(
)
Received:2025-07-03
Accepted:2025-10-09
Online:2026-05-30
Published:2026-06-04
Contact:
Hanlan FEI, Dayong Li
摘要:
濒危物种与同域物种在时空生态位上的分化特征直接影响其资源获取与生存策略。为探究四川白河国家级自然保护区川金丝猴(Rhinopithecus roxellana)与野猪(Sus scrofa)的时空分化,本研究于2022年6月至2023年5月采用500 m × 500 m网格法布设80台红外相机,对这两种食性相似的物种进行连续监测,分析其时空分布及生态位关系,揭示其在资源利用与生存策略上的分化特征。本次监测累计25 818个有效相机工作日,分别拍摄川金丝猴和野猪的独立有效照片544张和770张。结果显示,二者日活动时间高度重叠(Δ4 ≥ 0.724),但春、秋、冬三季活动曲线差异显著(P ≤ 0.011);夏季野猪地面活动强度显著高于川金丝猴(16.3% vs.5.7%,P < 0.001),冬季则相反(20.5% vs.29.2%,P = 0.001)。空间利用上,95%核密度范围重叠几乎覆盖野猪的分布(≥ 88.9%),但在50%核心活动区重叠比例明显下降,冬季最低(23.8%)。除夏季外,川金丝猴的活动海拔均显著高于野猪(P < 0.001)。多物种占域模型预测显示,不同季节野猪独占概率始终较低(≤ 16.44%),川金丝猴独占概率较高(≥ 26.60%),二者共域概率普遍较大(≥ 40.85%),且野猪独占和二者共域受距最近居民点距离、海拔和坡度等因子的季节性影响。研究表明,白河国家级自然保护区的川金丝猴与野猪在时空生态位上存在分化,从而降低资源重叠带来的潜在竞争,为濒危物种共存机制研究与保护管理提供了科学依据。
中图分类号:
费汉榄, 杨建溧, 刘星宇, 李玲婧, 郑婷婷, 黎大勇. 四川白河国家级自然保护区川金丝猴与野猪时空生态分化[J]. 兽类学报, 2026, 46(3): 358-378.
Hanlan FEI, Jianli YANG, Xingyu LIU, Lingjing LI, Tingting Zheng, Dayong Li. Spatiotemporal niche differentiation of Sichuan snub‑nosed monkeys and wild boars in Baihe National Nature Reserve[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2026, 46(3): 358-378.
图3 川金丝猴和野猪的季节性地面相对活动强度.**P < 0.01,***P < 0.001
Fig. 3 The season relative activity intensity between Rhinopithecus roxellana and Sus scrofa on the ground.**P < 0.01,***P < 0.001
图4 不同季节川金丝猴和野猪的活动海拔范围.***P < 0.001
Fig. 4 The seasonal variation in activity elevation ranges between Rhinopithecus roxellana and Sus scrofa.***P < 0.001
图5 川金丝猴和野猪在不同季节的活动范围及其重叠区域
Fig. 5 Seasonal variation in the ranging patterns between Rhinopithecus roxellana and Sus scrofa, and their spatial overlap
| 季节 Season | 物种 Species | 模型 Model | K | AICc | ΔAICc | AIC weight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 春季 Spring | 川金丝猴 R. roxellana | ψ(DIS+Slo+MEVI)) | 5 | 466.834 | 0.000 | 0.497 |
| ψ(Slo+MEVI)) | 4 | 467.958 | 1.123 | 0.284 | ||
| p(MEVI)ψ(DIS+Slo+MEVI) | 6 | 468.475 | 1.641 | 0.219 | ||
野猪 S. scrofa | p(MEVI)ψ(DIS+Ele) | 5 | 447.288 | 0.000 | 0.207 | |
| p(DIS+Ele) | 4 | 447.321 | 0.033 | 0.203 | ||
| p(MEVI)ψ(DIS+MEVI) | 5 | 447.364 | 0.077 | 0.199 | ||
| p(DIS+MEVI) | 4 | 448.500 | 1.212 | 0.113 | ||
| p(Ele+MEVI)ψ(DIS+MEVI) | 6 | 448.709 | 1.422 | 0.101 | ||
| p(Ele)ψ(DIS+MEVI) | 5 | 448.767 | 1.479 | 0.099 | ||
| p(Ele+MEVI)ψ(DIS+Ele) | 6 | 449.218 | 1.930 | 0.079 | ||
| 夏季 Summer | 川金丝猴 R. roxellana | ψ(DIS+Ele+MEVI+Slo) | 6 | 185.803 | 0.000 | 0.726 |
| ψ(Slo) | 3 | 187.751 | 1.948 | 0.274 | ||
野猪 S. scrofa | p(MEVI)ψ(DIS+Ele) | 5 | 362.473 | 0.000 | 0.382 | |
| p(MEVI)ψ(DIS+Ele+Slo) | 6 | 363.325 | 0.853 | 0.249 | ||
| p(MEVI)ψ(DIS+Ele+MEVI+Slo) | 7 | 363.591 | 1.118 | 0.218 | ||
| p(Ele+MEVI)ψ(DIS+Ele) | 6 | 364.331 | 1.858 | 0.151 | ||
| 秋季 Autumn | 川金丝猴 R. roxellana | ψ(DIS+Ele+Slo) | 5 | 481.583 | 0.000 | 0.361 |
| ψ(DIS+Slo) | 4 | 482.059 | 0.476 | 0.285 | ||
| ψ(DIS+MEVI) | 4 | 482.751 | 1.168 | 0.202 | ||
| p(MEVI)ψ(DIS+Ele+Slo) | 6 | 483.313 | 1.730 | 0.152 | ||
野猪 S. scrofa | p(Ele) | 3 | 481.645 | 0.000 | 0.230 | |
| p(Ele)ψ(Ele) | 4 | 481.958 | 0.313 | 0.197 | ||
| p(Ele+MEVI) | 4 | 482.807 | 1.162 | 0.129 | ||
| p(Ele)ψ(Ele+MEVI) | 5 | 483.108 | 1.463 | 0.111 | ||
| p(Ele)ψ(MEVI+Slo) | 5 | 483.216 | 1.571 | 0.105 | ||
| p(DIS+Ele) | 4 | 483.305 | 1.660 | 0.100 | ||
| p(Ele)ψ(DIS) | 4 | 483.677 | 2.032 | 0.083 | ||
| p(Ele+MEVI)ψ(DIS) | 5 | 484.958 | 3.313 | 0.044 | ||
| 冬季 Winter | 川金丝猴 R. roxellana | p(Ele)ψ(Ele) | 4 | 486.812 | 0.000 | 0.566 |
| p(Ele) | 3 | 488.660 | 1.848 | 0.225 | ||
| p(Ele+MEVI)ψ(Ele) | 5 | 488.804 | 1.992 | 0.209 | ||
野猪 S. scrofa | p(DIS+Ele) | 4 | 326.903 | 0.000 | 0.360 | |
| p(Ele)ψ(DIS+Ele) | 5 | 327.546 | 0.643 | 0.258 | ||
| p(Ele)ψ((Ele) | 4 | 327.865 | 0.961 | 0.220 | ||
| p(Ele)ψ(DIS+Ele+Slo) | 6 | 328.449 | 1.546 | 0.165 |
表1 单物种占域模型的选择结果(ΔAICc ≤ 2的模型)
Table 1 Selection results of single species occupation model (model with ΔAICc ≤ 2)
| 季节 Season | 物种 Species | 模型 Model | K | AICc | ΔAICc | AIC weight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 春季 Spring | 川金丝猴 R. roxellana | ψ(DIS+Slo+MEVI)) | 5 | 466.834 | 0.000 | 0.497 |
| ψ(Slo+MEVI)) | 4 | 467.958 | 1.123 | 0.284 | ||
| p(MEVI)ψ(DIS+Slo+MEVI) | 6 | 468.475 | 1.641 | 0.219 | ||
野猪 S. scrofa | p(MEVI)ψ(DIS+Ele) | 5 | 447.288 | 0.000 | 0.207 | |
| p(DIS+Ele) | 4 | 447.321 | 0.033 | 0.203 | ||
| p(MEVI)ψ(DIS+MEVI) | 5 | 447.364 | 0.077 | 0.199 | ||
| p(DIS+MEVI) | 4 | 448.500 | 1.212 | 0.113 | ||
| p(Ele+MEVI)ψ(DIS+MEVI) | 6 | 448.709 | 1.422 | 0.101 | ||
| p(Ele)ψ(DIS+MEVI) | 5 | 448.767 | 1.479 | 0.099 | ||
| p(Ele+MEVI)ψ(DIS+Ele) | 6 | 449.218 | 1.930 | 0.079 | ||
| 夏季 Summer | 川金丝猴 R. roxellana | ψ(DIS+Ele+MEVI+Slo) | 6 | 185.803 | 0.000 | 0.726 |
| ψ(Slo) | 3 | 187.751 | 1.948 | 0.274 | ||
野猪 S. scrofa | p(MEVI)ψ(DIS+Ele) | 5 | 362.473 | 0.000 | 0.382 | |
| p(MEVI)ψ(DIS+Ele+Slo) | 6 | 363.325 | 0.853 | 0.249 | ||
| p(MEVI)ψ(DIS+Ele+MEVI+Slo) | 7 | 363.591 | 1.118 | 0.218 | ||
| p(Ele+MEVI)ψ(DIS+Ele) | 6 | 364.331 | 1.858 | 0.151 | ||
| 秋季 Autumn | 川金丝猴 R. roxellana | ψ(DIS+Ele+Slo) | 5 | 481.583 | 0.000 | 0.361 |
| ψ(DIS+Slo) | 4 | 482.059 | 0.476 | 0.285 | ||
| ψ(DIS+MEVI) | 4 | 482.751 | 1.168 | 0.202 | ||
| p(MEVI)ψ(DIS+Ele+Slo) | 6 | 483.313 | 1.730 | 0.152 | ||
野猪 S. scrofa | p(Ele) | 3 | 481.645 | 0.000 | 0.230 | |
| p(Ele)ψ(Ele) | 4 | 481.958 | 0.313 | 0.197 | ||
| p(Ele+MEVI) | 4 | 482.807 | 1.162 | 0.129 | ||
| p(Ele)ψ(Ele+MEVI) | 5 | 483.108 | 1.463 | 0.111 | ||
| p(Ele)ψ(MEVI+Slo) | 5 | 483.216 | 1.571 | 0.105 | ||
| p(DIS+Ele) | 4 | 483.305 | 1.660 | 0.100 | ||
| p(Ele)ψ(DIS) | 4 | 483.677 | 2.032 | 0.083 | ||
| p(Ele+MEVI)ψ(DIS) | 5 | 484.958 | 3.313 | 0.044 | ||
| 冬季 Winter | 川金丝猴 R. roxellana | p(Ele)ψ(Ele) | 4 | 486.812 | 0.000 | 0.566 |
| p(Ele) | 3 | 488.660 | 1.848 | 0.225 | ||
| p(Ele+MEVI)ψ(Ele) | 5 | 488.804 | 1.992 | 0.209 | ||
野猪 S. scrofa | p(DIS+Ele) | 4 | 326.903 | 0.000 | 0.360 | |
| p(Ele)ψ(DIS+Ele) | 5 | 327.546 | 0.643 | 0.258 | ||
| p(Ele)ψ((Ele) | 4 | 327.865 | 0.961 | 0.220 | ||
| p(Ele)ψ(DIS+Ele+Slo) | 6 | 328.449 | 1.546 | 0.165 |
季节 Season | 假设 Hypothesis | 编号 No. | 模型 Model | AIC | ΔAIC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
春季 Spring | M1 | M1‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+DIS+MEVI,DIS+Slo+MEVI,0) | 941.902 | 8.185 |
| M2 | M2‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+DIS+MEVI,DIS+Slo+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)) | 939.431 | 5.714 | |
| M3 | M3‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+DIS+MEVI,DIS+Slo+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)*(DIS)) | 933.716 | 0.000 | |
| M3‑2 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+DIS+MEVI,DIS+Slo+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)*(Slo+DIS)) | 939.000 | 5.283 | ||
| M3‑3 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+DIS+MEVI,DIS+Slo+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)*(Slo+DIS+MEVI)) | 937.712 | 3.996 | ||
夏季 Summer | M1 | M1‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,0) | 577.394 | 3.013 |
| M2 | M2‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)) | — | — | |
| M3 | M3‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)*(DIS)) | 574.381 | 0.000 | |
| M3‑2 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)*(Ele+MEVI)) | 576.785 | 2.404 | ||
| M3‑3 | p(Day,Day,Day), ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)*(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI)) | 584.293 | 9.912 | ||
秋季 Autumn | M1 | M1‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,0) | 989.026 | 13.908 |
| M2 | M2‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)) | 1001.272 | 26.154 | |
| M3 | M3‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)*(Ele+DIS)) | 975.119 | 0.000 | |
| M3‑2 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)*(Slo+DIS) | 983.576 | 8.458 | ||
| M3‑3 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI),Pr(GM|WB)*(DIS+MEVI) | 977.507 | 2.389 | ||
冬季 Winter | M1 | M1‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS,Ele,0) | 827.551 | 1.417 |
| M2 | M2‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS,Ele,Pr(GM|WB)) | 835.154 | 9.020 | |
| M3 | M3‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS,Ele,Pr(GM|WB)*(Slo)) | 826.264 | 0.130 | |
| M3‑2 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS,Ele,Pr(GM|WB)*(Ele+Slo)) | 826.134 | 0.000 | ||
| M3‑3 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS,Ele,Pr(GM|WB)*(Slo+MEVI)) | 828.200 | 2.065 |
表2 多物种占域模型选择结果
Table 2 Selection results of multi‑species occupancy models
季节 Season | 假设 Hypothesis | 编号 No. | 模型 Model | AIC | ΔAIC |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
春季 Spring | M1 | M1‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+DIS+MEVI,DIS+Slo+MEVI,0) | 941.902 | 8.185 |
| M2 | M2‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+DIS+MEVI,DIS+Slo+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)) | 939.431 | 5.714 | |
| M3 | M3‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+DIS+MEVI,DIS+Slo+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)*(DIS)) | 933.716 | 0.000 | |
| M3‑2 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+DIS+MEVI,DIS+Slo+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)*(Slo+DIS)) | 939.000 | 5.283 | ||
| M3‑3 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+DIS+MEVI,DIS+Slo+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)*(Slo+DIS+MEVI)) | 937.712 | 3.996 | ||
夏季 Summer | M1 | M1‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,0) | 577.394 | 3.013 |
| M2 | M2‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)) | — | — | |
| M3 | M3‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)*(DIS)) | 574.381 | 0.000 | |
| M3‑2 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)*(Ele+MEVI)) | 576.785 | 2.404 | ||
| M3‑3 | p(Day,Day,Day), ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)*(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI)) | 584.293 | 9.912 | ||
秋季 Autumn | M1 | M1‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,0) | 989.026 | 13.908 |
| M2 | M2‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)) | 1001.272 | 26.154 | |
| M3 | M3‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)*(Ele+DIS)) | 975.119 | 0.000 | |
| M3‑2 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Pr(GM|WB)*(Slo+DIS) | 983.576 | 8.458 | ||
| M3‑3 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI,Ele+Slo+DIS+MEVI),Pr(GM|WB)*(DIS+MEVI) | 977.507 | 2.389 | ||
冬季 Winter | M1 | M1‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS,Ele,0) | 827.551 | 1.417 |
| M2 | M2‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS,Ele,Pr(GM|WB)) | 835.154 | 9.020 | |
| M3 | M3‑1 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS,Ele,Pr(GM|WB)*(Slo)) | 826.264 | 0.130 | |
| M3‑2 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS,Ele,Pr(GM|WB)*(Ele+Slo)) | 826.134 | 0.000 | ||
| M3‑3 | p(Day,Day,Day),ψ(Ele+Slo+DIS,Ele,Pr(GM|WB)*(Slo+MEVI)) | 828.200 | 2.065 |
图6 川金丝猴、野猪独占和共域的关系. WB‑Co:野猪独占与共域概率比较;GM‑Co:川金丝猴独占与共域概率比较;WB‑GM:野猪独占与川金丝猴独占概率比较
Fig. 6 The species occupancy relationship between Rhinopithecus roxellana and Sus scrofa. WB‑Co: Comparison of only Sus scrofa and Co‑occupancy probability; GM‑Co: Comparison of only Rhinopithecus roxellana and co‑occupancy probability; WB‑GM: Comparison of only Sus scrofa and Rhinopithecus roxellana probability
季节 Season | 模型成分 Model component | 物种 Species | 协变量 Covariates | 估计值 Estimate | 标准误 SE | Z | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 春季Spring | 占域 Occupancy | R. roxellana | 截距(lnt) | 2.460 | 0.474 | 5.194 | < 0.001*** |
| Slo | -0.463 | 0.579 | -0.799 | 0.424 | |||
| DIS | 0.386 | 0.406 | 0.950 | 0.342 | |||
| MEVI | 1.252 | 0.663 | 1.890 | 0.059 | |||
| S. scrofa | 截距(lnt) | -0.566 | 0.348 | -1.625 | 0.104 | ||
| Ele | -0.336 | 0.413 | -0.815 | 0.415 | |||
| DIS | 1.059 | 0.453 | 2.337 | 0.019* | |||
| MEVI | 0.493 | 0.416 | 1.184 | 0.236 | |||
| WB|GM | 截距(lnt) | 1.551 | 0.453 | 3.421 | 0.006 | ||
| DIS | -0.510 | 0.476 | -1.071 | 0.284 | |||
| 探测Detection | R. roxellana | 截距(lnt) | -0.671 | 0.512 | -1.310 | 0.190 | |
| day | -0.242 | 0.513 | -0.471 | 0.637 | |||
| S. scrofa | 截距(lnt) | -1.277 | 0.576 | -2.218 | 0.027 | ||
| day | 1.239 | 0.610 | 2.031 | 0.042 | |||
| 夏季Summer | 占域 Occupancy | R. roxellana | 截距(lnt) | 1.259 | 0.460 | 2.740 | 0.006 |
| Ele | -0.814 | 0.701 | -1.162 | 0.245 | |||
| Slo | -0.111 | 0.752 | -0.147 | 0.883 | |||
| DIS | 0.783 | 0.857 | 0.913 | 0.361 | |||
| MEVI | -0.953 | 0.636 | -1.498 | 0.134 | |||
| S. scrofa | 截距(lnt) | 0.454 | 0.473 | 0.959 | 0.337 | ||
| Ele | 0.806 | 0.569 | 1.416 | 0.157 | |||
| Slo | -0.315 | 0.407 | -0.774 | 0.439 | |||
| DIS | 0.022 | 0.543 | 0.040 | 0.968 | |||
| MEVI | 0.539 | 0.394 | 1.369 | 0.171 | |||
| WB|GM | 截距(lnt) | -0.304 | 2.310 | -0.132 | 0.895 | ||
| DIS | 1.161 | 0.865 | 1.342 | 0.180 | |||
| 探测Detection | R. roxellana | 截距(lnt) | -1.465 | 0.393 | -3.728 | 0.000 | |
| day | -1.065 | 0.376 | -2.831 | 0.005* | |||
| S. scrofa | 截距(lnt) | -1.639 | 0.439 | -3.734 | 0.000 | ||
| day | 0.629 | 0.470 | 1.339 | 0.181 | |||
| 秋季Autumn | 占域 Occupancy | R. roxellana | 截距(lnt) | 4.698 | 1.594 | 2.948 | 0.003 |
| Ele | 0.452 | 1.698 | 0.266 | 0.790 | |||
| Slo | -1.235 | 0.929 | -1.329 | 0.184 | |||
| DIS | -2.284 | 1.665 | -1.372 | 0.170 | |||
| MEVI | 1.709 | 1.599 | 1.069 | 0.285 | |||
| S. scrofa | 截距(lnt) | -0.346 | 1.941 | -0.178 | 0.859 | ||
| Ele | -0.348 | 1.624 | -0.214 | 0.830 | |||
| Slo | -0.109 | 0.499 | -0.219 | 0.827 | |||
| DIS | -5.202 | 2.151 | -2.418 | 0.016* | |||
| MEVI | 0.386 | 0.694 | 0.556 | 0.578 | |||
| WB|GM | 截距(lnt) | -0.693 | 1.057 | -0.655 | 0.512 | ||
| Ele | 0.100 | 1.940 | 0.051 | 0.959 | |||
| DIS | 5.504 | 2.299 | 2.394 | 0.017* | |||
| 探测Detection | R. roxellana | 截距(lnt) | -2.634 | 1.437 | -1.832 | 0.067 | |
| day | 1.568 | 1.464 | 1.071 | 0.284 | |||
| S. scrofa | 截距(lnt) | -2.138 | 1.121 | -1.908 | 0.056 | ||
| day | 1.907 | 1.121 | 1.701 | 0.089 | |||
| 冬季Winter | 占域 Occupancy | R. roxellana | 截距(lnt) | 2.339 | 1.006 | 2.326 | 0.020 |
| Ele | -0.018 | 1.188 | -0.015 | 0.988 | |||
| S. scrofa | 截距(lnt) | -1.526 | 0.815 | -1.871 | 0.061 | ||
| Ele | 1.105 | 1.373 | 0.805 | 0.421 | |||
| DIS | 0.662 | 0.643 | 1.031 | 0.303 | |||
| Slo | -1.118 | 0.808 | -1.384 | 0.166 | |||
| WB|GM | 截距(lnt) | 1.984 | 1.410 | 1.407 | 0.159 | ||
| Ele | -3.097 | 1.347 | -2.299 | 0.002** | |||
| Slo | 1.719 | 0.793 | 2.168 | 0.003** | |||
| 探测Detection | R. roxellana | 截距(lnt) | -3.896 | 0.879 | -4.431 | < 0.001*** | |
| day | 2.963 | 0.922 | 3.213 | 0.001** | |||
| S. scrofa | 截距(lnt) | -2.170 | 0.976 | -2.222 | 0.026 | ||
| day | 1.678 | 0.990 | 1.696 | 0.090 |
表3 基于最优模型预测的环境变量对川金丝猴和野猪独占和共域的影响
Table 3 Influence of environmental variables on occupancy and detection rate in alone and co‑occurrence of R. roxellana and S. scrofa by the optimal model
季节 Season | 模型成分 Model component | 物种 Species | 协变量 Covariates | 估计值 Estimate | 标准误 SE | Z | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 春季Spring | 占域 Occupancy | R. roxellana | 截距(lnt) | 2.460 | 0.474 | 5.194 | < 0.001*** |
| Slo | -0.463 | 0.579 | -0.799 | 0.424 | |||
| DIS | 0.386 | 0.406 | 0.950 | 0.342 | |||
| MEVI | 1.252 | 0.663 | 1.890 | 0.059 | |||
| S. scrofa | 截距(lnt) | -0.566 | 0.348 | -1.625 | 0.104 | ||
| Ele | -0.336 | 0.413 | -0.815 | 0.415 | |||
| DIS | 1.059 | 0.453 | 2.337 | 0.019* | |||
| MEVI | 0.493 | 0.416 | 1.184 | 0.236 | |||
| WB|GM | 截距(lnt) | 1.551 | 0.453 | 3.421 | 0.006 | ||
| DIS | -0.510 | 0.476 | -1.071 | 0.284 | |||
| 探测Detection | R. roxellana | 截距(lnt) | -0.671 | 0.512 | -1.310 | 0.190 | |
| day | -0.242 | 0.513 | -0.471 | 0.637 | |||
| S. scrofa | 截距(lnt) | -1.277 | 0.576 | -2.218 | 0.027 | ||
| day | 1.239 | 0.610 | 2.031 | 0.042 | |||
| 夏季Summer | 占域 Occupancy | R. roxellana | 截距(lnt) | 1.259 | 0.460 | 2.740 | 0.006 |
| Ele | -0.814 | 0.701 | -1.162 | 0.245 | |||
| Slo | -0.111 | 0.752 | -0.147 | 0.883 | |||
| DIS | 0.783 | 0.857 | 0.913 | 0.361 | |||
| MEVI | -0.953 | 0.636 | -1.498 | 0.134 | |||
| S. scrofa | 截距(lnt) | 0.454 | 0.473 | 0.959 | 0.337 | ||
| Ele | 0.806 | 0.569 | 1.416 | 0.157 | |||
| Slo | -0.315 | 0.407 | -0.774 | 0.439 | |||
| DIS | 0.022 | 0.543 | 0.040 | 0.968 | |||
| MEVI | 0.539 | 0.394 | 1.369 | 0.171 | |||
| WB|GM | 截距(lnt) | -0.304 | 2.310 | -0.132 | 0.895 | ||
| DIS | 1.161 | 0.865 | 1.342 | 0.180 | |||
| 探测Detection | R. roxellana | 截距(lnt) | -1.465 | 0.393 | -3.728 | 0.000 | |
| day | -1.065 | 0.376 | -2.831 | 0.005* | |||
| S. scrofa | 截距(lnt) | -1.639 | 0.439 | -3.734 | 0.000 | ||
| day | 0.629 | 0.470 | 1.339 | 0.181 | |||
| 秋季Autumn | 占域 Occupancy | R. roxellana | 截距(lnt) | 4.698 | 1.594 | 2.948 | 0.003 |
| Ele | 0.452 | 1.698 | 0.266 | 0.790 | |||
| Slo | -1.235 | 0.929 | -1.329 | 0.184 | |||
| DIS | -2.284 | 1.665 | -1.372 | 0.170 | |||
| MEVI | 1.709 | 1.599 | 1.069 | 0.285 | |||
| S. scrofa | 截距(lnt) | -0.346 | 1.941 | -0.178 | 0.859 | ||
| Ele | -0.348 | 1.624 | -0.214 | 0.830 | |||
| Slo | -0.109 | 0.499 | -0.219 | 0.827 | |||
| DIS | -5.202 | 2.151 | -2.418 | 0.016* | |||
| MEVI | 0.386 | 0.694 | 0.556 | 0.578 | |||
| WB|GM | 截距(lnt) | -0.693 | 1.057 | -0.655 | 0.512 | ||
| Ele | 0.100 | 1.940 | 0.051 | 0.959 | |||
| DIS | 5.504 | 2.299 | 2.394 | 0.017* | |||
| 探测Detection | R. roxellana | 截距(lnt) | -2.634 | 1.437 | -1.832 | 0.067 | |
| day | 1.568 | 1.464 | 1.071 | 0.284 | |||
| S. scrofa | 截距(lnt) | -2.138 | 1.121 | -1.908 | 0.056 | ||
| day | 1.907 | 1.121 | 1.701 | 0.089 | |||
| 冬季Winter | 占域 Occupancy | R. roxellana | 截距(lnt) | 2.339 | 1.006 | 2.326 | 0.020 |
| Ele | -0.018 | 1.188 | -0.015 | 0.988 | |||
| S. scrofa | 截距(lnt) | -1.526 | 0.815 | -1.871 | 0.061 | ||
| Ele | 1.105 | 1.373 | 0.805 | 0.421 | |||
| DIS | 0.662 | 0.643 | 1.031 | 0.303 | |||
| Slo | -1.118 | 0.808 | -1.384 | 0.166 | |||
| WB|GM | 截距(lnt) | 1.984 | 1.410 | 1.407 | 0.159 | ||
| Ele | -3.097 | 1.347 | -2.299 | 0.002** | |||
| Slo | 1.719 | 0.793 | 2.168 | 0.003** | |||
| 探测Detection | R. roxellana | 截距(lnt) | -3.896 | 0.879 | -4.431 | < 0.001*** | |
| day | 2.963 | 0.922 | 3.213 | 0.001** | |||
| S. scrofa | 截距(lnt) | -2.170 | 0.976 | -2.222 | 0.026 | ||
| day | 1.678 | 0.990 | 1.696 | 0.090 |
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