不同生活环境下小熊猫皮质醇和肠道微生物的变化规律

doi:10.16829/j.slxb.150869

兽类学报 ›› 2024, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (4): 427-435.DOI: 10.16829/j.slxb.150869

不同生活环境下小熊猫皮质醇和肠道微生物的变化规律

赵星^1,2, 马锐², 吴蔚², 李明喜², 陈超², 周延山², 洪明生¹, 齐敦武²

1 西华师范大学, 西南野生动植物资源保护教育部重点实验室, 南充 637002;
2 成都大熊猫繁育研究基地, 四川省濒危野生动物保护生物学重点实验室, 成都 610081

收稿日期:2023-10-17 修回日期:2024-03-13 出版日期:2024-07-30 发布日期:2024-08-03
通讯作者: 洪明生，E-mail:mingshenghong@cwnu.edu.cn;齐敦武，E-mail:qidunwu@163.com
作者简介:赵星(1998-)，男，硕士，主要从事动物生态学、保护生物学研究.E-mail:zukoxi98@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金重点项目(U21A20193)；成都大熊猫繁育研究基地自立课题(2022CPB-C06)；第二次青藏高原综合科学考察(2019QZKK05010502)

Changing patterns of cortisol and gut microbiota in Ailurus fulgens under different living environments

ZHAO Xing^1,2, MA Rui², WU Wei², LI Mingxi², CHEN Chao², ZHOU Yanshan², HONG Mingsheng¹, QI Dunwu²

1 Southwest Wildlife Resources Conservation Key Laboratory (Ministry of Education), China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China;
2 Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu 610081, China

Received:2023-10-17 Revised:2024-03-13 Online:2024-07-30 Published:2024-08-03

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 肠道微生物群落易受环境压力的影响，其结构的相对稳定对维持动物机体健康至关重要。皮质醇作为一种应激激素不仅能反映动物应激状况还影响动物的肠道微生物结构，然而小熊猫肠道菌群和粪便皮质醇之间的共变机制尚未被研究。为此，我们通过比较不同生活环境下(圈养、散养和野生)小熊猫粪便皮质醇和肠道微生物结构的差异，以期阐明其皮质醇和肠道微生物的变化规律。结果发现：(1)圈养环境下皮质醇浓度最低(71.1 ±21.6) ng/g，散养环境下其浓度为(111.3 ± 5.6) ng/g，而野生环境下最高，为(5094.8 ± 5383.9) ng/g。同时，散养环境下的小熊猫肠道微生物Shannon指数最高(6.178)，其次是野生环境下(5.535)，圈养环境下最低(3.449)。(2)圈养小熊猫皮质醇浓度与大肠杆菌志贺氏菌属(EscherichiaShigella)呈显著负相关(P<0.001)，与难辨梭菌属(Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1)呈显著正相关(P<0.001)。综上所述，不同生活环境显著影响小熊猫的肠道微生物组成和粪便皮质醇浓度，减少环境的变化频率和强度能有效降低其应激性，维持肠道菌群的健康稳定，这将为小熊猫种群的健康管理提供技术支撑。

关键词: 小熊猫, 肠道微生物, 16S rRNA测序, 皮质醇, 应激

Abstract: Gut microbiota are susceptible to environmental stresses and the relative stability of their structure is essential for maintaining animal health. Cortisol, as a stress hormone, not only responds to the current stress condition of the animal but also affects the gut microbiota structure of the animal. However, the covariation mechanism between gut flora and faecal cortisol in Ailurus fulgens has not been investigated yet. We compared the fecal cortisol and gut microbiota structure of Ailurus fulgens in different living environments (captive, semi-free-ranging and wild) to elucidate the patterns of change in cortisol and gut microbiota organisms. The results revealed that among different living environments, the lowest cortisol concentration was found in captive condition (71. 1 ± 21. 6) ng/g, and its concentration was (111. 3 ± 5. 6) ng/g in semi-free-ranging environment, while the highest (5094. 8 ± 5383. 9) ng/g was found in wild environment. Meanwhile, the highest shannon index of gut microbiota of Ailurus fulgens was found in the semi-free-ranging environment (6. 178), followed by the wild condition (5. 535), and the lowest in captive environment (3. 449). Cortisol concentrations in captive Ailurus fulgens showed a significant negative correlation (P<0. 001) with Escherichia-Shigella and a significant positive correlation (P<0. 001) with Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1. In summary, different living environments significantly affect the gut microbiota composition and faecal cortisol concentration of Ailurus fulgens. Reducing the frequency and intensity of environmental changes can effectively reduce their stress and maintain the health and stability of the gut flora, which will provide technical support for the health management of Ailurus fulgens populations.

Key words: Ailurus fulgens, Gut microbiota, 16S rRNA sequencing, Cortisol, Stress

中图分类号:

Q935

赵星, 马锐, 吴蔚, 李明喜, 陈超, 周延山, 洪明生, 齐敦武. 不同生活环境下小熊猫皮质醇和肠道微生物的变化规律[J]. 兽类学报, 2024, 44(4): 427-435.

ZHAO Xing, MA Rui, WU Wei, LI Mingxi, CHEN Chao, ZHOU Yanshan, HONG Mingsheng, QI Dunwu. Changing patterns of cortisol and gut microbiota in Ailurus fulgens under different living environments[J]. ACTA THERIOLOGICA SINICA, 2024, 44(4): 427-435.

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不同生活环境下小熊猫皮质醇和肠道微生物的变化规律

Changing patterns of cortisol and gut microbiota in Ailurus fulgens under different living environments

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